- 著者
- Ryo INABA Ryouka KAWAHARA-MIKI Akihisa SHINOZAWA Taichi YASUHARA Takashi FUJII Keisuke KOYAMA Michiko MURATA-OKUBO Kousaku SOUMA Hiroki HIRAYAMA
- 出版者
- The Society for Reproduction and Development
- 雑誌
- Journal of Reproduction and Development (ISSN:09168818)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- pp.2021-094, (Released:2021-10-31)
Although hormonal induction of parturition in cattle results in the successful delivery of healthy calves, the risk of retained fetal membrane is significantly increased. In a previous study, a combination of the long-acting glucocorticoid, triamcinolone acetonide, with a high dose of betamethasone partially normalized the placentomal gene expression during parturition; however, the incidence of retained fetal membrane remained high. This study further explored placentomal dysfunction and aimed to elucidate the mechanism of retained fetal membrane in parturition-induced cows. In this study, transcriptome analysis revealed that enhanced glucocorticoid exposure normalized the expression of a substantial fraction of genes in the cotyledons. In contrast, a significant reduction in the multiple signaling pathway activities, including interferon signaling, was found in the caruncles during induced parturition. Real-time PCR showed that the expression of interferon-tau in the caruncles, but not interferon-alpha or interferon-gamma, was significantly lower in induced parturition than spontaneous parturition. Interferon-stimulated gene expression was also significantly decreased in the caruncles during induced parturition. These results indicate that interferon signaling could be important for immunological control in placentomes during parturition. Additionally, this suggests that interferon-tau might be a pivotal ligand for interferon receptors in the caruncles. This study revealed that peripheral blood leukocytes in prepartum cows transcribed interferon-tau. Macrophage infiltration in the placentome is known to participate in the detachment of the fetal membrane from the caruncle. Thus, this study raised the possibility that immune cells migrating into the caruncles at parturition may act as a source of ligands that activate interferon signaling.
- 著者
- Yuji Sato Keisuke Koyama
- 出版者
- The Keio Journal of Medicine
- 雑誌
- The Keio Journal of Medicine (ISSN:00229717)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.59, no.3, pp.104-109, 2010-09-25 (Released:2010-10-01)
- 参考文献数
- 16
- 被引用文献数
- 2 7
The volume of clinical research carried out in Japan is relatively small by global standards, especially when compared with the country's contributions to basic research. Although the academic quality of the clinical research done here is generally high, its relative paucity has had a number of alarming consequences, e.g., delays in the approval of important new drugs and medical devices caused by difficulties in clinical trials, leading to the limited availability of novel treatments for Japanese patients. This article aims to present an overview of current clinical research activities in Japan and to summarise the historical, socio-cultural and regulatory issues underlying the current situation. Suggestions are made as to how the present problems might be resolved and how a brighter future for clinical research might be achieved.