- 著者
- Seitaro Ohkuma Shi-Hu Chen Masashi Katsura Da-Zhi Chen Kinya Kuriyama
- 出版者
- The Japanese Pharmacological Society
- 雑誌
- The Japanese Journal of Pharmacology (ISSN:00215198)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.64, no.2, pp.125-128, 1994 (Released:2006-04-10)
- 参考文献数
- 19
- 被引用文献数
- 32 34
The effect of muscimol on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced injury of primary cultured cerebral cortical neurons was examined. NMDA induced a dose-dependent leakage of LDH activity, which was significantly inhibited by (±)-5-methyl-10, 11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo-[a, d]cyclopentan-5, 10-imine (MK-801). Muscimol significantly reduced the NMDA-induced increase of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage, and bicuculline abolished this protective effect of muscimol. Similarly, muscimol reduced the NMDA-induced increase in trypan blue staining of the cells, and bicuculline suppressed this inhibitory action of muscimol. These results suggest that GABAA-receptor stimulation exerts a protective action against the neuronal injury induced by NMDA-receptor activation.
- 著者
- Kenji Kawakita Hisashi Shinbara Kenji Imai Fumihiko Fukuda Tadashi Yano Kinya Kuriyama
- 出版者
- The Japanese Pharmacological Society
- 雑誌
- Journal of Pharmacological Sciences (ISSN:13478613)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.100, no.5, pp.443-459, 2006 (Released:2006-06-24)
- 参考文献数
- 98
- 被引用文献数
- 78 98
The mechanisms of action of acupuncture and moxibustion as reported by Japanese researchers are reviewed. The endogenous opioid-mediated mechanisms of electroacupuncture (EA) as used in China are well understood, but these are only one component of all mechanisms of acupuncture. These studies emphasize the similarity of the analgesic action of EA to various sensory inputs to the pain inhibition mechanisms. In Japanese acupuncture therapy, careful detection of the acupuncture points and fine needling technique with comfortable subjective sensation are considered important. The role of polymodal receptors (PMR) has been stressed based on the facts that PMRs are responsive to both acupuncture and moxibustion stimuli, thermal sensitivity is essential in moxibustion therapy, and the characteristics of acupuncture points and trigger points are similar to those of sensitized PMRs. Acupuncture and moxibustion are also known to affect neurons in the brain reward systems and blood flow in skin, muscle, and nerve. Axon reflexes mediated by PMRs might be a possible mechanism for the immediate action of acupuncture and moxibustion. Reports on the curative effects of acupuncture on various digestive and urological disorders are also reviewed briefly.