著者

Yoshinori IIZUKA(飯塚芳徳) Sumito MATOBA(的場澄人) Masahiro MINOWA(箕輪昌紘) Tetsuhide YAMASAKI(山崎哲秀) Kaoru KAWAKAMI(川上薫) Ayako KAKUGO(角五綾子) Morihiro MIYAHARA(宮原盛厚) Akihiro HASHIMOTO(橋本明弘) Masashi NIWANO(庭野匡思) Tomonori TANIKAWA(谷川朋範) Koji FUJITA(藤田耕史) Teruo AOKI(青木輝夫)

出版者

THE JAPANESE SOCIETY OF SNOW AND ICE

雑誌

Bulletin of Glaciological Research (ISSN:13453807)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, pp.1-12, 2021 (Released:2021-10-13)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

2

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In order to construct reliable deposited-aerosol database on the Anthropocene (from 1850 to 2020), we obtained a 250-meter-long ice core from the Southeastern Greenland Dome on May and June 2021, where is one of the highest accumulation domes in Greenland. The age of the ice core at a depth of 250 m was roughly estimated to be AD 1827 based on the timescale from a previously analyzed shallower ice core. The age of the sampled ice core satisfied the prerequisite conditions for constructing aerosol deposition database for Anthropocene. In addition, surface elevation, borehole temperatures, and internal stratigraphy of the ice sheet were performed, and meteorological and snow-pit observations were also conducted. Furthermore, we sampled aerosol and snow from the ice sheet for chemical and physical analyses.

著者

Shin Sugiyama Masahiro Minowa

雑誌

JpGU-AGU Joint Meeting 2020

巻号頁・発行日

2020-03-13

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Subglacial environment of the Antarctic ice sheet is one of the least investigated areas on the Earth. Base of the ice sheet forms an important boundary, which controls ice dynamics and thermal conditions. Existence of subglacial channels and lakes poses important questions about basal hydrology and microbial ecosystem under several-kilometer-thick ice. Recent mass loss of the ice sheet is driven by the melting of ice shelves, which occurs at the basal boundary of floating ice. Sensing physical properties beneath the ice is possible by using seismic and electromagnetic waves, but in-situ measurements and sampling are required to answer many of the questions. Hot-water drilling is a powerful tool to provide an access to the bed of glaciers and ice sheets. In this contribution, I introduce recent progress in our understanding of subglacial environment of the Antarctic ice sheet based on direct observations through boreholes, including our project in Langhovde Glacier in East Antarctica.Langhovde Glacier is a 3-km wide outlet glacier located 20 km south of the Japanese Syowa Station in East Antarctica. Lower 2–3 km of the glacier forms a floating tongue, which feeds into the Lützow-holm bay. To study basal melting and subshelf ocean environment, we drilled four boreholes in January 2018 using a hot-water drilling system. The boreholes were utilized to measure spatial variations of temperature, salinity and current under the ice. Two of the boreholes were equipped with a temperature and CTD/current sensors for year-round observations. Potential temperature of the seawater underneath the ice was between −1.4 and −1.1°C, approximately 1°C warmer than the freezing temperature. Water temperature within several hundred meters from the grounding line was −1.2°C in January 2018. Temperature dropped to −1.6°C from January to May, which was followed by gradual warming to −1.55°C in December. The temperature in January 2018 (−1.2°C) was significantly warmer than that in the summer 2019 (−1.55°C), as well as temperature measured at the same location in 2012 and 2013 (−1.55°C). A possible interpretation of the unusually warm water in 2018 was break-up of land-fast sea ice in the Lützow-holm bay in 2016. Presumably, open water near the glacier front facilitated transport of heat to the grounding line. Our subshelf observations implied significant amount of basal melting occurs under the entire ice shelf of Langhove Glacier, and thermal conditions near the grounding line is susceptible to changes in the ocean.