著者

Rino Nakamura Manami Saito Mika Maruyama Shinta Yamanaka Takahiro Tanemura Masaki Watanabe Fumiyasu Fukumori Kiyoshi Hayashi

出版者

Japanese Society for Food Science and Technology

雑誌

Food Science and Technology Research (ISSN:13446606)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.FSTR-D-22-00110, (Released:2022-10-28)

被引用文献数

1

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An aminopeptidase was purified from Proteax, a food-grade commercial enzyme reagent derived from Aspergillus oryzae that showed the highest debittering effect on casein hydrolysates among nine such reagents, and its enzymatic characteristics and debittering activities were investigated. Treatment with the enzyme, identified as leucine aminopeptidase A (LapA), on pepsin-degraded casein and cod protein solutions reduced their bitterness and increased the amount of free hydrophobic amino acids such as leucine, valine, isoleucine, and phenylalanine, as well as arginine, tyrosine, and threonine. These results indicated that LapA preferentially released hydrophobic amino acid residues at the amino terminus of peptides including bitter-tasting peptides and reduced the bitterness of protein hydrolysates.

著者

Yuta Takamura Ken-ichi Morishita Shota Kikuzawa Masaki Watanabe Hiroki Kakuta

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.2, pp.146-154, 2022-02-01 (Released:2022-02-01)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

2

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Small-molecular drugs, which are generally inexpensive compared with biopharmaceuticals and can often be taken orally, may contribute to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) adopted by the United Nations. We previously reported the retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonist 4-(ethyl(3-isobutoxy-4-isopropylphenyl)amino)benzoic acid (NEt-3IB, 1) as a small-molecular drug candidate to replace biopharmaceuticals for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. The previous synthetic method to 1 required a large amount of organic solvent and extensive purification. In line with the SDGs, we aimed to develop an environmentally friendly, inexpensive method for the large-scale synthesis of 1. The developed method requires only a hydrophobic ether and EtOH as reaction and extraction solvents. The product was purified by recrystallization twice to afford 99% pure 1 at 100 mmol scale in about 30% yield. The optimized process showed a 35-fold improvement of the E-factor (an index of environmental impact) compared to the original method. This work, which changes the solvent used to environmentally preferable ones based on the existing synthetic method for 1, illustrates how synthetic methods for small-molecular drugs can be adapted and improved to contribute to the SDGs.

著者

Wataru Aoki Maiko Watanabe Masaki Watanabe Naoki Kobayashi Jun Terajima Yoshiko Sugita-Konishi Kazunari Kondo Yukiko Hara-kudo

出版者

The Genetics Society of Japan

雑誌

Genes & Genetic Systems (ISSN:13417568)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.95, no.3, pp.133-139, 2020-06-01 (Released:2020-08-27)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

3

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Entoloma sarcopum is widely known as an edible mushroom but appears morphologically similar to the poisonous mushrooms E. rhodopolium sensu lato (s. l.) and E. sinuatum s. l. Many cases of food poisoning caused by eating these poisonous mushrooms occur each year in Japan. Therefore, they were recently reclassified based on both morphological and molecular characteristics as sensu stricto species. In this study, we analyzed the nucleotide sequences of the rRNA gene (rDNA) cluster region, mainly including the internal transcribed spacer regions and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 (CO1) gene, in E. sarcopum and its related species, to evaluate performances of these genes as genetic markers for identification and molecular phylogenetic analysis. We found that the CO1 gene contained lineage-specific insertion/deletion sequences, and our CO1 tree yielded phylogenetic information that was not supported by analysis of the rDNA cluster region sequence. Our results suggested that the CO1 gene is a better genetic marker than the rDNA cluster region, which is the most widely used marker for fungal identification and classification, for discrimination between edible and poisonous mushrooms among Japanese E. sarcopum and related species. Our study thus reports a new genetic marker that is useful for detection of Japanese poisonous mushrooms, Entoloma.