著者

Siddiquee Salah Uddin Fujita Masao Nakamura Hiroshi

出版者

日本環境動物昆虫学会

雑誌

環動昆

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.1, pp.39-47, 2005-04-30

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To clarify whether the species composition of carabid beetles can be used to evaluate the field environments of 3 different husbandry practices(fertilizer(F), tillage(T) and green manure(Gr)), pitfall trappings were taken between June and October 2003 in Nagano Prefecture, Japan. The surveyed field was divided into 8 plots(7.5m X 14m) growing the same kinds of vegetables, and combinations of the 3 husbandry practices were decided using an experimental design based on 3 factors and 2 levels. ANOVA based on a table of orthogonal arrays of the L⁸(2⁷) type was used for the numbers of carabid beetles, species richness and species diversity. A total of 821 carabid beetles of 6 subfamilies representing 31 species were captured during the survey period. The three dominant species were Dolichus halensis, Pterostichus microcephalus and Harpalus tridens. Through cluster analysis using an a index, the 8 plots were classified into a green manure group and a non-green manure group, except for 1 plot. The numbers of captured beetles of Pterostichinae, especially D. halensis, were significantly more abundant in chemical fertilizer plots and non-green manure plots. For Zabrinae and Harpalinae, more individuals were captured in tillage plots and green manure plots. In the tillage plots and green manure plots, the values of the species diversity index(1/λ and H') were significantly higher. These results suggest that carabid assemblages may be used as a bio-indicator for evaluating the field environments of different husbandry practices.ゴミムシ群集を指標種として栽培されている植物は全く同じであるが, 異なった耕作法が実施された圃場環境の評価の可能性を検討するため, 有機肥料と化学肥料, 耕起と不耕起, 緑肥ありと緑肥なしという3要因2水準の実験計画法に沿った8区画を長野県波田町に設け, ゴミムシ群集の調査を2003年の6月から10月まで行った. 結果の解析は, L₈(2⁷)型直交配列表に従った分散分析を用いた. ゴミムシは合計で31種821個体捕獲され, 優占種は多い順にセアカヒラタゴミムシ, コガシラナガゴミムシ, コゴモクムシであった. 類似度指数αをもとにしたクラスター分析では, 8区画は緑肥ありグループとなしグループに分かれた. 分散分析の結果, ナガゴミムシ亜科, 特にセアカヒラタゴミムシでは化学肥料区と緑肥なし区で個体数が多く, 反対にマルガタゴミムシ亜科とゴモクムシ亜科では耕起区と緑肥あり区で個体数が多かった. また耕起区と緑肥あり区では多様度指数(1/λとH')が有意に高くなった. 以上の結果から, ゴミムシ群集を指標種として耕作法が異なった圃場環境を評価できる可能性が示唆された.