著者

Tatsuya Kaneno Muku Ito Naoto Kiguchi Akihiro Sato Kazunori Akizuki Jun Yabuki Yuki Echizenya Satoshi Shibata

出版者

Japanese Association of Occupational Therapists

雑誌

Asian Journal of Occupational Therapy (ISSN:13473476)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.1, pp.69-75, 2019 (Released:2019-09-28)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

1

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Purpose: This study aimed to compare adjustability of grasping force (AGF) between people belonging to young and elderly age-groups. Methods: Twenty young people and 20 elderly people, with no previous pathology involving the hands and fingers, were included in the study, and an AGF assessment was performed for all the subjects using an iWakka. Subjects adjusted the grasping force according to the target value displayed on the monitor by opening or closing the iWakka. Results: The assessment of AGF was performed separately from that of the gripping force, and the latter was found to be comparable between the two groups. The mean AGF was found to be 8.9 ± 4.0 g and 7.6 ± 2.8 g for the dominant and the non-dominant hand, respectively, in the elderly group, as compared to the mean AGF for the dominant and the non-dominant hand of 4.4 ± 1.2 g and 4.4 ± 0.6 g, respectively estimated in the young age-group. A t-test conducted after controlling the disparate factors (sex, handedness, gripping force) between the subjects of the two groups, showed that there was a significant difference in AGF between the young and the elderly groups for both the dominant (p = 0.03) and the non-dominant hand (p = 0.02), indicating that the AGF of the elderly people was significantly lower than that of the young study-subjects.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that AGF decreases with aging and that it is necessary to assess AGF separately from the gripping force, to make a precise comparison.

著者

Satoshi SHIBATA Masahiro TAKEMURA Shumpei MIYAKAWA

出版者

Japanese Society of Physical Therapy

雑誌

Physical Therapy Research (ISSN:21898448)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.2, pp.44-52, 2018-12-20 (Released:2018-12-20)

参考文献数

44

被引用文献数

13

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Background: Neurocognitive function may be a risk factor for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury by changing neuromuscular control such as muscle activities. However, the effect of differences in neurocognitive function on biomechanics and neuromuscular control related to ACL injury risk is not clear. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of differences in neurocognitive function on biomechanics and neuromuscular control during an unanticipated side-step cutting motion. Method: The subjects were 15 collegiate female athletes who were divided into two groups using the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT). The experimental task was an unanticipated side-step cutting motion from a 30 cm high box. We calculated joint angles and moments using a 3-dimensional motion analysis system from the dominant leg, and measured muscle activities using a surface electromyography. We calculated the co-contraction ratio (CCR) as relative muscle activity of the quadriceps to the hamstring. Results: As a result, subjects with a lower SDMT score had significantly increased quadriceps activity before and after ground contact and decreased CCR only after ground contact. Conclusion: In the lower SDMT score group, the quadriceps showed stronger muscle activity than the hamstring during an unanticipated side-step cutting motion. This dominant quadriceps muscle activity has been reported to increase the load on the ACL, and there was a possibility of increasing the risk of the ACL injury. Considering these factors, subjects with lower neurocognitive function could have a high risk of ACL injury due to alterations in muscle activities surrounding the knee.