- 著者
- Caroline Wasonga Shingo Inoue James Kimotho Kouichi Morita Juliette Ongus Rosemary Sang Lillian Musila
- 出版者
- 国立感染症研究所 Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 編集委員会
- 雑誌
- Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.68, no.5, pp.410-414, 2015 (Released:2015-09-18)
- 参考文献数
- 16
- 被引用文献数
- 1 6
Chikungunya (CHIK) is a mosquito-borne viral disease. In the 2004 CHIK outbreak in Kenya, diagnosis was delayed because of the lack of accurate diagnostics. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and evaluate an in-house IgM-capture enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (in-house ELISA) for the detection of chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infections. Anti-CHIKV antibodies were raised in rabbits, purified and conjugated to horseradish peroxidase. These anti-CHIKV antibodies and cell-culture derived antigen were used to develop the ELISA. To validate the in-house ELISA, 148 patient sera from the 2005 Comoros CHIK outbreak were tested with centers for disease control and prevention (CDC) IgM-capture ELISA (CDC ELISA) and focus reduction neutralization test (FRNT) as reference assays. The in-house ELISA had a sensitivity of 97.6% and specificity of 81.3% compared to the CDC ELISA and a sensitivity of 91.1% and specificity of 96.7% compared to FRNT. Furthermore, 254 clinically suspected dengue patient samples from Eastern Kenya, collected in 2013, were tested for CHIKV IgM using the in-house ELISA. Out of the 254 samples, 26 (10.2%) were IgM positive, and of these 26 samples, 17 were further analyzed by FRNT and 14 (82.4%) were positive. The in-house ELISA was able to diagnose CHIKV infection among suspected dengue cases in the 2013 outbreak.
- 著者
- Allan ole Kwallah Shingo Inoue Anne Wangari Thairu-Muigai Nancy Kuttoh Kouichi Morita Matilu Mwau
- 出版者
- 国立感染症研究所 Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 編集委員会
- 雑誌
- Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.68, no.3, pp.230-234, 2015 (Released:2015-05-20)
- 参考文献数
- 22
- 被引用文献数
- 11
Yellow fever (YF), which is caused by a mosquito-borne virus, is an important viral hemorrhagic fever endemic in equatorial Africa and South America. Yellow fever virus (YFV) is the prototype of the family Flaviviridae and genus Flavivirus. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of YFV in selected health facilities in Western Kenya during the period 2010–2012. A total of 469 serum samples from febrile patients were tested for YFV antibodies using in-house IgM-capture ELISA, in-house indirect IgG ELISA, and 50% focus reduction neutralization test (FRNT50). The present study did not identify any IgM ELISA-positive cases, indicating absence of recent YFV infection in the area. Twenty-eight samples (6%) tested positive for YFV IgG, because of either YFV vaccination or past exposure to various flaviviruses including YFV. Five cases were confirmed by FRNT50; of these, 4 were either vaccination or natural infection during the YF outbreak in 1992–1993 or another period and 1 case was confirmed as a West Nile virus infection. Domestication and routine performance of arboviral differential diagnosis will help to address the phenomenon of pyrexia of unknown origin, contribute to arboviral research in developing countries, and enhance regular surveillance.