著者

Sumio HIRATA Mami MATOBA Satoshi IZUMI Taku FURUKUBO Miyuki OTA Minori FUJITA Senji OKUNO Tomoyuki YAMAKAWA

出版者

日本臨床薬理学会

雑誌

臨床薬理 (ISSN:03881601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.3, pp.87-90, 2003-05-31 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

4 7

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We present a 68-year-old male case, hemodialysis patient (body weight 56.8 kg) with Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) induced pseudomembranous colitis. The colitis was treated with orally administered vancomycin (VCM), 2.0 g/day, for 14 days leading to high serum levels. At this time, the VCM treatment was discontinued following negative stool cultures for C. difficile, and the serum VCM concentration was 58.7 μg/ml, the highest level in oral VCM case reports up to the present. Mean bioavailability was estimated as 16.8% during the VCM administration period in this patient, and it was assumed that the intestinal absorption of VCM was increased with severe colitis. As the serum VCM levels continued to decrease gradually, the symptoms of colitis improved. Nevertheless, the patient's colitis relapsed after oral levofloxacin treatment for bronchitis and high fever, although the serum VCM levels were still far greater than the minimum inhibitory concentration of C. difficile infection.This finding suggests that VCM concentrations may remain insufficient in the colon despite the high serum levels. The high and persistent serum VCM concentrations in this patient may be due to the follow-ing: 1. increased absorption of VCM with severe colitis, 2. decreased excretion with renal impairment leading to VCM serum accumulation, and 3. too high a VCM dosage. We conclude that patients with both renal failure and severe intestinal disease may absorb and accumulate significant amounts of orally administered VCM. Therefore, a high dose oral VCM should be avoided in hemodialysis patients with severe pseudomembranous colitis.