著者

Yuta Nemoto Shinichiro Sato Yoshinori Kitabatake Noriko Takeda Kazushi Maruo Takashi Arao

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20210419, (Released:2022-05-14)

参考文献数

53

被引用文献数

4

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Background: It has not been determined whether mentally active sedentary behavior (MASB) and passive sedentary behavior (PSB) differentially affect cognitive function and whether these associations differ according to physical activity (PA) level. We examined the comparative impacts of MASB and PSB on dementia onset and aimed to understand whether the associations differed by PA level.Methods: We conducted a 5-year longitudinal study involving all community-dwelling older adults in a rural area in Japan (n = 5,323). Dementia onset was examined using long-term care insurance data. PA was evaluated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and categorized as low (<2.5 metabolic equivalent of task [MET]-h/week), moderate (2.5–16.0 MET-h/week), or high (≥16.0 MET-h/week). We also assessed PSB (TV-watching time; <1 h/day, 1–3 h/day, ≥3 h/day) and MASB (Book-reading time; <10 min/day, 10–30 min/day, ≥30 min/day). To examine the associations of MASB and PSB with dementia onset, we performed the Fine-Gray models accounting for competing risk of death.Results: During the follow-up period, 606 (11.4%) participants developed dementia. MASB was independently associated with a lower risk of dementia; the magnitude of the impact was significant at higher PA levels. There was no association between PSB and developing dementia across all PA levels. Furthermore, dementia risk for individuals with high PA levels and moderate or high MASB levels was approximately 60% lower than those with low PA levels and low MASB.Conclusion: Providing interventions to promote MASB, which reduces dementia risk, and PA, which increases MASB’s effect on dementia incidence, can be beneficial in delaying or preventing dementia onset.

著者

Shigeru Inoue Yumiko Ohya Yuko Odagiri Tomoko Takamiya Masamitsu Kamada Shinpei Okada Kohichiro Oka Yoshinori Kitabatake Tomoki Nakaya James F Sallis Teruichi Shimomitsu

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.6, pp.481-490, 2011-11-05 (Released:2011-11-05)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

79 111

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Background: Recent research has revealed the importance of neighborhood environment as a determinant of physical activity. However, evidence among elderly adults is limited. This study examined the association between perceived neighborhood environment and walking for specific purposes among Japanese elderly adults.Methods: This population-based, cross-sectional study enrolled 1921 participants (age: 65–74 years, men: 51.9%). Neighborhood environment (International Physical Activity Questionnaire Environmental Module) and walking for specific purposes (ie, transportation or recreation) were assessed by self-report. Multilevel logistic regression analyses with individuals at level 1 and neighborhoods at level 2 were conducted to examine the association between environment and walking, after adjustment for potential confounders.Results: Access to exercise facilities, social environment, and aesthetics were associated with total neighborhood walking. Odds ratios (95% CI) were 1.23 (1.00–1.51), 1.39 (1.14–1.71), and 1.48 (1.21–1.81), respectively. Regarding walking for specific purposes, social environment and aesthetics were consistent correlates of both transportation walking and recreational walking. Environmental correlates differed by specific types of walking and by sex. Transportation walking significantly correlated with a greater variety of environmental attributes. Sex differences were observed, especially for transportation walking. Bicycle lanes, crime safety, traffic safety, aesthetics, and household motor vehicles were significant correlates among men, while access to shops, access to exercise facilities, and social environment were important among women.Conclusions: Specific environment–walking associations differed by walking purpose and sex among elderly adults. Social environment and aesthetics were consistent correlates of both transportation walking and recreational walking. Improving these environmental features might be effective in promoting physical activity among elderly Japanese.