著者

Yudai Okuyama Yuta Kato

出版者

National Museum of Nature and Sciece (National Science Museum, Tokyo)

雑誌

国立科学博物館研究報告B類(植物学) (ISSN:18819060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.4, pp.133-139, 2022-11-22 (Released:2022-11-22)

参考文献数

11

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To obtain a better understanding of the floral traits of sect. Heterotropa (genus Asarum, Aristolochiaceae), we conducted a detailed microscopic examination of the surface of the calyx, the floral part best representing the diversity of the lineage. The surface structures were highly variable among Heterotropa species, with remarkable variations in trichome morphology on the adaxial surface of the calyx lobes. Four types of trichome were identified on the calyx lobes, each of which was the sole type in most samples, although combinations of multiple types were occasionally seen. Variations were also found in the distribution of stomata on the surface of the calyx. Although the biological functions of the trichomes and stomata on the calyx are unclear, they may be related to pollination systems, e.g., through emission of the floral scents that are highly variable among Heterotropa species.

著者

Satoshi Kakishima Masahiro Sueyoshi Yudai Okuyama

出版者

National Museum of Nature and Sciece (National Science Museum, Tokyo)

雑誌

国立科学博物館研究報告B類(植物学) (ISSN:18819060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.4, pp.227-236, 2021-11-22 (Released:2021-12-07)

参考文献数

28

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We assessed plausible linkages between floral variation and pollination-system diversity in the genus Asarum (sect. Heterotropa) by investigating the floral-visitor and floral-scent profiles of Asarum asaroides (C.Morren et Decne.) Makino, a large-flowered species endemic to western Japan. Using time-lapse photography and field collections of insects, we confirmed that multiple dipteran families visited A. asaroides. The fungus gnat Cordyla murina Winnertz, 1863 (Mycetophilidae), is likely the primary pollinator, since we observed repeated visits by this species at three spatially distinct sites. We also reassessed the previously posited primary pollinator of A. tamaense Makino and found that C. murina is in fact the likely primary pollinator of this species. The floral-scent profile of A. asaroides typically contains ethyl 3-methylcrotonate, 3-octanone, 3-octanol, safrole, and caryophyllene, and is strikingly different from that of A. tamaense, implying that different mechanisms underlie the attraction of C. murina to these closely related species.