著者

山田,研治

出版者

日本計量史学会

雑誌

計量史研究

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.1, 2014-03-25

---

Introduction of the metric system in modern Japan was performed by Koan OGATA. His converted values from the traditional weights and measures into the metric system were taken over to the gunneries, Syuhan TAKASHIMA and one of his pupils, Motoyoshi NAMURA of the Takashima school. This school determined equivalents of numerical standards: the length "1m=3.28889 shaku (尺)," the measures "1l=5.48789 go (合)," and the weights "1kg=266.8144 sen (銭 or, monme (匁)) " respectively. However, Ryukei SUGITA's group had published "Kaijyohoujyutuzensho" from the astronomical charge of Edo Shogunate (called Tenmonkata) in 14th of Tenpou era (1843), which had translated Calten J.N. "Leiddraad bij het onderrigt in de Zee-artillerij" Delft, 1832, and was circulated setting a weights and measures standards to "1m=3.289248 shaku (尺)" and "1kg=266.8144 sen (銭)" . The former "1m=3.289248 shaku (尺)" was calculated from "1 latitude = 28.2 li (里)" adopted by Tadataka INOU. Takashima school would like to adopt the weights and measures standard of "Kaijyuohoujyutuzensho", after Syuhan TKASHIMA were restrained by Edo Shogunate in 13th of Tenpou era (1842). Shigetake TAKASHIMA who became Syuhan TAKASHIMA 2nd determined standard of the long length which was made "1m=3.289248 shaku (尺)" by INOU and its short length(called Kanejaku) which was made "1 m=3.3024 shaku (尺)", the later was shorter than the long length 0.4%. Short length was used for manufacture of actual commerce and industry products. Furthermore, he determined that weights performed "1kg=266.67 sen (銭)" therefore "1 sen(銭) = 3.75 g", as would be the result of "1l = 5.55 go (合)". Those weights and measures standard by him was taken over to Kinzaburo SHIMOZONE who was the last army magistrate in Edo Shogunate, and became foundation for the standard of modernistic weights and measures, especially length "1m=3.3 shaku (尺)" was so in Japan after Meiji Restoration (1868).