著者

田村 早苗

出版者

京都大学大学院文学研究科言語学研究室

雑誌

京都大学言語学研究 (ISSN:13497804)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, pp.159-184, 2009-12-25

---

In this paper, we discuss the connective tameni in Japanese, which expresses that the antecedent event is either a ‘purpose’ or a ‘cause’ of the consequent event. Each use is illustrated by (1a) and (1b), respectively. (1) a. Atarasii new kuruma-o car-acc kau buy tameni okane-o money-acc tameteiru. is.saving b. Yuki-ga snow-nom futta fell tameni samuku cold natta. became The aim of this paper is to give the basic semantics of tameni which can explain both of the interpretations. Our analysis is based on Kratzer’s (1981,1991) modal logic. According to her system, modalized expressions are interpreted relative to two kinds of conversational background: the modal base (=f ) and the ordering source (=g). Formally, both are defined as a function from worlds to sets of propositions, but the output sets f (w) and g(w) have different roles. Roughly speaking, f (w) includes the presupposed proposition about the fact/circumstance, while g(w) refers to an ‘ideal’. We propose that the two uses of tameni differ only in the type of modal base used in interpreting the sentences. When the antecedent of tameni is interpreted as the purpose, the proposition referred to by the antecedent is put in the teleological MB. On the other hand, when the antecedent refers to the cause, the proposition is included in the circumstantial MB. Most of the previous analyses assume that purposes serve as an ordering source, namely, the teleological ordering source. We show that purposes should be treated as a modal base, as far as the ambiguity between purposes and causes concerns.