著者

Nuraly S. Akimbekov Ilya Digel Dinara K. Sherelkhan Afzalunnessa B. Lutfor Mohammed S. Razzaque

出版者

JAPAN SOCIETY OF HISTOCHEMISTRY AND CYTOCHEMISTRY

雑誌

ACTA HISTOCHEMICA ET CYTOCHEMICA (ISSN:00445991)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.3, pp.33-42, 2020-06-26 (Released:2020-06-26)

参考文献数

100

被引用文献数

12 63

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There is a growing body of evidence for the effects of vitamin D on intestinal host-microbiome interactions related to gut dysbiosis and bowel inflammation. This brief review highlights the potential links between vitamin D and gut health, emphasizing the role of vitamin D in microbiological and immunological mechanisms of inflammatory bowel diseases. A comprehensive literature search was carried out in PubMed and Google Scholar using combinations of keywords “vitamin D,” “intestines,” “gut microflora,” “bowel inflammation”. Only articles published in English and related to the study topic are included in the review. We discuss how vitamin D (a) modulates intestinal microbiome function, (b) controls antimicrobial peptide expression, and (c) has a protective effect on epithelial barriers in the gut mucosa. Vitamin D and its nuclear receptor (VDR) regulate intestinal barrier integrity, and control innate and adaptive immunity in the gut. Metabolites from the gut microbiota may also regulate expression of VDR, while vitamin D may influence the gut microbiota and exert anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating effects. The underlying mechanism of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of bowel diseases is not fully understood, but maintaining an optimal vitamin D status appears to be beneficial for gut health. Future studies will shed light on the molecular mechanisms through which vitamin D and VDR interactions affect intestinal mucosal immunity, pathogen invasion, symbiont colonization, and antimicrobial peptide expression.

著者

Jun Tamiya Wakako Sakaguchi Kimiko Nakagawa Toshiharu Yamamoto Juri Saruta Nobuhisa Kubota Akira Kawata Iwao Hasegawa Nobushiro Hamada Keiichi Tsukinoki

出版者

JAPAN SOCIETY OF HISTOCHEMISTRY AND CYTOCHEMISTRY

雑誌

ACTA HISTOCHEMICA ET CYTOCHEMICA (ISSN:00445991)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.22-00089, (Released:2023-04-08)

被引用文献数

1

---

SARS-CoV-2 infects a variety of tissues, including the oral cavity. However, there are few reports examining the association of SARS-CoV-2 with tongue mucosal tissues with sticky tongue debris. This study investigated the presence of SARS-CoV-2 and its associated molecules by dissecting tongue tissue from autopsy specimens of 23 patients who died of COVID-19-related illness (pneumonia). Immunohistochemical staining, electron microscopy, and PCR analysis were performed on the tongue tissue specimens. The mucosal epithelium of the tongue formed a very thick keratinized with well-developed filiform papillae in all cases. ACE2 and TMPRSS2 were consistently co-expressed in all samples in the epithelium. The S-protein was strongly expressed in basal cells and the epithelial surface. S-protein-positive viral particles were detected in the tongue’s stratified squamous epithelium via an immunoelectron microscope. Based on PCR amplification of the N1 and N2 regions, the SARS-CoV-2 gene was detected on the tongue epithelium, tongue submucosa, and in tongue debris. This suggests that tongue debris, including the squamous epithelial tissue, could be a source of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva. Furthermore, removing tongue debris may decrease the amount of SARS-CoV-2 in the oral cavity.

著者

Chigusa Shimizu-Okabe Shigeki Okada Shiki Okamoto Hiroaki Masuzaki Chitoshi Takayama

出版者

JAPAN SOCIETY OF HISTOCHEMISTRY AND CYTOCHEMISTRY

雑誌

ACTA HISTOCHEMICA ET CYTOCHEMICA (ISSN:00445991)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.1, pp.47-56, 2022-02-26 (Released:2022-02-26)

参考文献数

50

被引用文献数

3

---

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mature brain; however, it acts excitatory during development. This difference in action depends on the intra­cellular chloride ion concentration, primarily regulated by potassium chloride co-transporter2 (KCC2). Sufficient KCC2 expression results in its inhibitory action. GABA is also abundant in pancreatic islets, where it acts differentially on the islet cells, and is involved in carbohydrate metabolism. However, the mechanisms underlying the differential action remain unknown. We performed immunohistochemistry for glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), a synthetic enzyme for GABA, and KCC2 in normal adult islets. GAD was co-localized with insulin in β cells, whereas KCC2 was expressed in glucagon-positive α cells. These results are in line with previous observations that GABA decreases glucagon release but increases insulin release, and suggest that GABA and insulin may work together in reducing blood glucose levels under hyperglycemia. Next, we examined the streptozotocin-induced type1 diabetes mellitus mouse model. GAD and insulin expression levels were markedly decreased. KCC2 was expressed in glucagon-positive cells, whereas insulin- and somatostatin-positive cells were KCC2-negative. These findings suggest that in diabetes model, reduced GABA release may cause disinhibition of glucagon release, resulting in increased blood sugar levels and the maintenance of hyperglycemic state.

著者

Satoshi Yonezawa Momoko Shigematsu Kazuto Hirata Kensuke Hayashi

出版者

日本組織細胞化学会

雑誌

ACTA HISTOCHEMICA ET CYTOCHEMICA (ISSN:00445991)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.5, pp.145-152, 2015-10-29 (Released:2015-10-29)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

1 19

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It has been recently reported that the centrosome of neurons does not have microtubule nucleating activity. Microtubule nucleation requires γ-tubulin as well as its recruiting proteins, GCP-WD/NEDD1 and CDK5RAP2 that anchor γ-tubulin to the centrosome. Change in the localization of these proteins during in vivo development of brain, however, has not been well examined. In this study we investigate the localization of γ-tubulin, GCP-WD and CDK5RAP2 in developing cerebral and cerebellar cortex with immunofluorescence. We found that γ-tubulin and its recruiting proteins were localized at centrosomes of immature neurons, while they were lost at centrosomes in mature neurons. This indicated that the loss of microtubule nucleating activity at the centrosome of neurons is due to the loss of γ-tubulin-recruiting proteins from the centrosome. RT-PCR analysis revealed that these proteins are still expressed after birth, suggesting that they have a role in microtubule generation in cell body and dendrites of mature neurons. Microtubule regrowth experiments on cultured mature neurons showed that microtubules are nucleated not at the centrosome but within dendrites. These data indicated the translocation of microtubule-organizing activity from the centrosome to dendrites during maturation of neurons, which would explain the mixed polarity of microtubules in dendrites.

著者

Kaori Kiso-Farnè Takeshi Yaoi Takahiro Fujimoto Kyoko Itoh

出版者

JAPAN SOCIETY OF HISTOCHEMISTRY AND CYTOCHEMISTRY

雑誌

ACTA HISTOCHEMICA ET CYTOCHEMICA (ISSN:00445991)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.6, pp.193-202, 2022-12-28 (Released:2022-12-28)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

1

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Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disrupting chemical. Human epidemiological studies have suggested that adverse neurobehavioral outcomes are induced by fetal exposure to BPA. The remarkable differences in the corticogenesis between human and agyrencephalic mammals are an increase in the intermediate progenitor cells (IPCs) and a following increase in the subplate thickness. It is uncertain whether low doses of BPA (low-BPA) affect human early corticogenesis when basal progenitor cells (BPs) produce IPCs resulting in amplified neurogenesis. In this study, human-derived neuronal stem/progenitor cells were exposed to low-BPA or the vehicle only, and the resultant cell type-specific molecular changes and morphology were analyzed. We focused on stem cells immunoreactive for SOX2, BPs for NHLH1, and immature neurons for DCX. SOX2-positive cells significantly decreased at day in vitro (DIV) 4 and 7, whereas NHLH1-positive cells tended to be higher, while DCX-positive cells significantly increased at DIV7 when exposed to 100 nM of BPA compared with the vehicle. Morphologically DCX-positive cells showed a decrease in unipolar cells and an increase in multipolar cells when exposed to 100 nM of BPA compared with the vehicle. These results provide insights into the in vivo effect of low-BPA on neuronal differentiation in the human fetal corticogenesis.

著者

Masashi Takemura Kentaro Mochizuki Yoshinori Harada Akira Okajima Michiyo Hayakawa Ping Dai Yoshito Itoh Hideo Tanaka

出版者

JAPAN SOCIETY OF HISTOCHEMISTRY AND CYTOCHEMISTRY

雑誌

ACTA HISTOCHEMICA ET CYTOCHEMICA (ISSN:00445991)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.2, pp.57-66, 2022-04-27 (Released:2022-04-27)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

5

---

Spontaneous Raman microscopy, which can detect molecular vibrations in cells and tissues, could be a useful tool for the label-free assessment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, it is unclear whether it can be used to evaluate the nascent state of NAFLD. To address this, we analyzed the Raman spectra of rat liver tissues in the nascent state of NAFLD upon excitation at 532 nm. Raman and histochemical analyses were performed of liver tissues from rats fed a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet (HFHCD). Raman microscopic imaging analysis of formalin-fixed thin tissue slices showed hepatic steatosis, as revealed by the Raman band at 2,854 cm−1, whereas lipid droplets were not detectable by hematoxylin-eosin staining of images until 3 days after feeding a HFHCD. Raman signals of retinol at 1,588 cm−1 emitted from hepatic stellate cells were distributed alongside hepatic cords; the retinol content rapidly decreased after feeding a HFHCD, whereas hepatic lipid content increased inversely. Raman microscopic analysis of the surface of fresh ex vivo livers enabled early detection of lipid accumulation after a 1-day feeding a HFHCD. In conclusion, spontaneous Raman microscopy can be applied to the label-free evaluation of the nascent state of NAFLD liver tissues.

著者

LANGE Ekkehard METZGER Martin BRAUN Katharina LUPPA Hans POEGGEL Gerd

出版者

日本組織細胞化学会

雑誌

Acta histochemica et cytochemica (ISSN:00445991)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.5, pp.505-512, 1997-10-01

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

2 5

---

The cellular and spatial distribution of the presumptive retrograde transmitter nitric oxide, detected by NADPH-diaphorase histochemistry and of immunocytochemically labeled monoaminergic fiber systems was compared in regions of the medial prefrontal cortex of the precocious rodent Octodon degus. The staining patterns at two postnatal stages (PO and P14) were compared to those found in adult animals (P90). At birth, NADPH-diaphorase positive neurons were found in all cortical layers of the anterior cingulate, infralimbic and prelimbic cortex. During postnatal development the number of diaphorase-positive cells gradually decreased in layers II-VI and remained unchanged in layer I of these cortical regions. All NADPH-diaphorase positive neurons appeared to be spineless and pyramidal cells never contained NADPH-diaphorase. No colocalization of NADPH-diaphorase with either serotonin or TH was detectable. However, at all developmental stages the somata and proximal dendritic shafts of some of the NADPH-diaphorase containing bi-or multipolar neurons in layers V-VI were contacted by serotonin-and tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive fibers. In a subpopulation of GABAergic interneurons in the deeper layers (V-VI) NADPH-diaphorase activity was colocalized with calbindin-D 28 k immunoreactivity.<BR>The abundance of nitridergic systems in regions of the medial prefrontal cortex already at birth together with their close spatial relationship with monoaminergic afferent systems as well as local GABAergic units may indicate a yet to determine role of these transmitter systems in early learning.

著者

Koki Ikemoto Kosuke Hashimoto Yoshinori Harada Yasuaki Kumamoto Michiyo Hayakawa Kentaro Mochizuki Kazuhiko Matsuo Kenta Yashiro Hitoshi Yaku Tetsuro Takamatsu Hideo Tanaka

出版者

JAPAN SOCIETY OF HISTOCHEMISTRY AND CYTOCHEMISTRY

雑誌

ACTA HISTOCHEMICA ET CYTOCHEMICA (ISSN:00445991)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.21-00016, (Released:2021-04-17)

被引用文献数

5

---

Spontaneous Raman spectroscopy, which senses changes in cellular contents of reduced cytochrome c, could be a powerful tool for label-free evaluation of ischemic hearts. However, undetermined is whether it is applicable to evaluation of myocardial viability in ischemic hearts. To address this issue, we investigated sequential changes in Raman spectra of the subepicardial myocardium in the Langendorff-perfused rat heart before and during ligation of the left coronary artery and its subsequent release and re-ligation. Under 532-nm wavelength excitation, the Raman peak intensity of reduced cytochrome c at 747 cm−1 increased quickly after the coronary ligation, and reached a quasi-steady state within 30 min. Subsequent reperfusion of the heart after a short-term (30-min) ligation that simulates reversible conditions resulted in quick recovery of the peak intensity to the baseline. Further re-ligation resulted in resurgence of the peak intensity to nearly the identical value to the first ischemia value. In contrast, reperfusion after prolonged (120-min) ligation that assumes irreversible states resulted in incomplete recovery of the peak intensity, and re-ligation resulted in inadequate resurgence. Electron microscopic observations confirmed the spectral findings. Together, the Raman spectroscopic measurement for cytochrome c could be applicable to evaluation of viability of the ischemic myocardium without labeling.

著者

Kenta Masui Mio Harachi Webster K. Cavenee Paul S. Mischel Noriyuki Shibata

出版者

JAPAN SOCIETY OF HISTOCHEMISTRY AND CYTOCHEMISTRY

雑誌

ACTA HISTOCHEMICA ET CYTOCHEMICA (ISSN:00445991)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.1, pp.1-10, 2020-02-28 (Released:2020-02-28)

参考文献数

85

被引用文献数

21

---

Cancer is widely considered to be a set of genetic diseases that are currently classified by tissue and cell type of origin and, increasingly, by its molecular characteristics. This latter aspect is based primarily upon oncogene gains, tumor suppressor losses, and associated transcriptional profiles. However, cancers are also characterized by profound alterations in cellular metabolism and epigenetic landscape. It is particularly noteworthy that cancer-causing genomic defects not only activate cell cycle progression, but regulate the opportunistic uptake and utilization of nutrients, effectively enabling tumors to maximize growth and drug resistance in changing tissue and systemic microenvironments. Shifts in chromatin architecture are central to this dynamic behavior. Further, changes in nutrient uptake and utilization directly affect chromatin structure. In this review, we describe a set of recent discoveries of metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming in cancer, and especially focus on the genomically well-characterized brain tumor, glioblastoma. Further, we discuss a new mode of metabolic regulation driven by epigenetic mechanisms, that enables cancer cells to autonomously activate iron metabolism for their survival. Together, these underscore the integration of genetic mutations with metabolic reprogramming and epigenetic shifts in cancer, suggesting a new means to identifying patient subsets suitable for specific precision therapeutics.

著者

Ryutaro Ono Nobuya Koike Hitoshi Inokawa Yoshiki Tsuchiya Yasuhiro Umemura Toshiro Yamamoto Narisato Kanamura Kazuhiro Yagita

出版者

JAPAN SOCIETY OF HISTOCHEMISTRY AND CYTOCHEMISTRY

雑誌

ACTA HISTOCHEMICA ET CYTOCHEMICA (ISSN:00445991)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.6, pp.93-99, 2019-12-27 (Released:2019-12-27)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

5

---

Rhythmic incremental growth lines occur in dental hard tissues of vertebrates, and dentinogenesis in rodent incisors is suggested to be controlled by the 24-hr circadian clock. Rodent incisors continue to grow throughout the animal’s life; however, similar to human teeth, rodent molars stop growing after crown formation. This similarity suggests that the mouse molar is an excellent model to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying growth of human teeth. However, not much is known about the rhythmic dentinogenesis in mouse molars. Here, we investigated the incremental growth lines in mouse molar dentin using tetracycline as the growth marker. The incremental growth lines were observed to be generated at approximately 8-hr intervals in wild-type mice housed under 12:12 hr light-dark conditions. Moreover, the 8-hr rhythmic increments persisted in the wild-type and Bmal1−/− mice housed in constant darkness, where Bmal1−/− mice become behaviorally arrhythmic. These results revealed that the dentinogenesis in mouse molars underlie the ultradian rhythms with around 8-hr periodicity. Further, the circadian clock does not seem to be involved in this process, providing new insight into the mechanisms involved in the tooth growth.

著者

IBUKI TAKAE OKAMURA HITOSHI TANAKA YOSHIFUMI MIYAZAKI MASAO IBATA YASUHIKO

出版者

JAPAN SOCIETY OF HISTOCHEMISTRY AND CYTOCHEMISTRY

雑誌

ACTA HISTOCHEMICA ET CYTOCHEMICA (ISSN:00445991)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.1, pp.245-254, 1992

被引用文献数

1

---

The distribution and fine structure of [Met] -Enkephalin-Arg<SUP>6</SUP>-Gly<SUP>7</SUP>-Leu<SUP>8</SUP>-like immunoreactive (MEAGL-LI) neurons in the rat cerebellum were examined by light and electron microscopic immunohistochemistry. Immunoreactive neurons which were designated to be Golgi cells were found in the granular layer. These MEAGL-LI Golgi cells were distributed heterogeneously in the cerebellar cortex; the densest distribution was seen in the ventral and anterior vermis, moderate distribution in the pedunculofloccular lobe (PFL) and less in the dorsal and posterior parts of the cerebellar hemispheres. Immunoreactive Golgi cells showed well-developed organelles, such as rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum (r-ER) and Golgi complex as well as immunoreactive substances throughout the cytoplasm. On the surfaces of immunoreactive neurons non-immunoreactive axons made axo-somatic synapses. MEAGL-LI neuronal elements were distributed as components of the cerebellar glomeruli in the granular layer. Some of them were presynaptic axons which made axo-dendritic synapses with non-immunoreactive dendrites, and others were postsynaptic dendrites with which non-immunoreactive axons made axo-dendritic synapses. MEAGL-LI neuronal elements were also seen to make intimate contact with Purkinje cells in the Purkinje cell layer.

著者

Seiko Toyozawa Chikako Kaminaka Fukumi Furukawa Yasushi Nakamura Hiroshi Matsunaka Yuki Yamamoto

出版者

日本組織細胞化学会

雑誌

ACTA HISTOCHEMICA ET CYTOCHEMICA (ISSN:00445991)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.5, pp.293-299, 2012 (Released:2012-10-31)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

11 19

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The CXCR4/CXCL12 pathway has recently been reported to be involved in stimulating the metastasis of many different neoplasms, in which CXCR4 activates various phenomena such as chemotaxis, invasion, angiogenesis and proliferation. The purpose of this study was to analyze a possible association between the expression of chemokine receptors CXCR4, CCR6 and CCR7 with the clinicopathological features of cutaneous malignant melanoma, and to assess the usefulness of these chemokine receptors for diagnosis and prognosis. In our study, a percentage of immunoexpression of both CXCR4 and its ligands CXCL12 was associated with high clinical risk. In contrast, the patients with a low immunoexpression of CXCR4 and CXCL12 had low clinical risk. CCR6 and CCR7 immunoexpressions were also correlated with some clinical parameters, but seemed no more useful than CXCR4. These data suggest that the assessment of CXCR4 immunoexpression is a novel tool for predicting tumor aggressiveness in malignant melanomas, and in particular, a high immunoexpression percentage of CXCR4 and CXCL12 might be a sign of a poor prognosis.

著者

Erina Ikeda Tetsuya Goto Kaori Gunjigake Kayoko Kuroishi Masae Ueda Shinji Kataoka Takashi Toyono Mitsushiro Nakatomi Yuji Seta Chiaki Kitamura Tatsuji Nishihara Tatsuo Kawamoto

出版者

日本組織細胞化学会

雑誌

ACTA HISTOCHEMICA ET CYTOCHEMICA (ISSN:00445991)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.15022, (Released:2016-02-10)

被引用文献数

5

---

Several theories have been proposed regarding pain transmission mechanisms in tooth. However, the exact signaling mechanism from odontoblasts to pulp nerves remains to be clarified. Recently, ATP-associated pain transmission has been reported, but it is unclear whether ATP is involved in tooth pain transmission. In the present study, we focused on the vesicular nucleotide transporter (VNUT), a transporter of ATP into vesicles, and examined whether VNUT was involved in ATP release from odontoblasts. We examined the expression of VNUT in rat pulp by RT-PCR and immunostaining. ATP release from cultured odontoblast-like cells with heat stimulation was evaluated using ATP luciferase methods. VNUT was expressed in pulp tissue, and the distribution of VNUT-immunopositive vesicles was confirmed in odontoblasts. In odontoblasts, some VNUT-immunopositive vesicles were colocalized with membrane fusion proteins. Additionally P2X3, an ATP receptor, immunopositive axons were distributed between odontoblasts. The ATP release by thermal stimulation from odontoblast-like cells was inhibited by the addition of siRNA for VNUT. These findings suggest that cytosolic ATP is transported by VNUT and that the ATP in the vesicles is then released from odontoblasts to ATP receptors on axons. ATP vesicle transport in odontoblasts seems to be a key mechanism for signal transduction from odontoblasts to axons in the pulp.

著者

Ryoko Yamagishi Tomohiko Wakayama Hiroki Nakata Kannika Adthapanyawanich Tewarat Kumchantuek Miyuki Yamamoto Shoichi Iseki

出版者

日本組織細胞化学会

雑誌

ACTA HISTOCHEMICA ET CYTOCHEMICA (ISSN:00445991)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.3, pp.95-102, 2014-06-30 (Released:2014-06-28)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

2 10

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In the major salivary glands of mice, acinar cells in the parotid gland (PG) are known to be the main site for the production of the digestive enzyme α-amylase, whereas α-amylase production in the submandibular gland (SMG) and sublingual gland (SLG), as well as the cell types responsible for α-amylase production, has been less firmly established. To clarify this issue, we examined the expression and localization of both the mRNA and protein of α-amylase in the major salivary glands of male and female mice by quantitative and histochemical methods. α-amylase mRNA levels were higher in the order of PG, SMG, and SLG. No sexual difference was observed in α-amylase mRNA levels in the PG and SLG, whereas α-amylase mRNA levels in the female SMG were approximately 30% those in the male SMG. Using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, signals for α-amylase mRNA and protein were found to be strongly positive in acinar cells of the PG, serous demilune cells of the SLG, and granular convoluted tubule (GCT) cells of the male SMG, weakly positive in seromucous acinar cells of the male and female SMG, and negative in mucous acinar cells of the SLG. These results clarified that α-amylase is produced mainly by GCT cells and partly by acinar cells in the SMG, whereas it is produced exclusively by serous demilune cells in the SLG of mice.

著者

Kudo Akihiko Hirano Hiroshi

出版者

日本組織細胞化学会

雑誌

Acta histochemica et cytochemica (ISSN:00445991)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.3, pp.229-233, 1999

被引用文献数

5 6 8

---

In histochemistry, image analysis has become quite common and is now regarded as a powerful tool that gives us semi-quantitative and precise interpretation on the obtained image data. However, image analysis itself is a time-consuming and laborious work, and so researches in the laboratory desire to make this task proceed as automatically as possible. In NIH Image and Adobe Photoshop^<【○!R】> software running on Power Macintosh computers, processes by automation are available in both programs, though they are quite different in each software. By use of both of these programs, the analysis processes become easier to set up. To automatically process the data, the suitable preprocessing of digital image data is required. That is, image processing programs are equipped with many processing programs, such as those for filtering, defining the threshold of images, or masking uninteresting areas. Additionally, a method for adequate labeling of the target substances and controlled conditions for the image digitization are always helpful.

著者

Mizuhira Vinci Hasegawa Hiroshi Akagi Takumi Nagai Noriyuki

出版者

日本組織細胞化学会

雑誌

Acta histochemica et cytochemica (ISSN:00445991)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.3, pp.217-230, 1998

被引用文献数

6 5

---

We have seen reporting on the calcium ion distribution in cells and tissues with X-ray microanalysis (EDX) since 1978 [9] and with electron energy-loss spectroscopy (ESS) imaging since 1983 [10, 17], under various fixing conditions [12-16, 18-24]. Almost ten years ago, we tried a fixative containing NHA (N,N-naphthaloylhydroxamine) as a chemical precipitant for Ca<2+> ions under microwaved conditions [12, 19]. However, the data did not seem to be as sensitive or useful, under conventional electron microscopy and computerized X-ray microanalysis, compared to the two-step replacement method combined with microwave fixation using potassium (K) oxalate followed by potassium (K) antimonate, for the detection of Ca<2+> ions [12, 19-21]. Recently, however, we used ESS to analyze same tissue sections which were fixed with NHAcontaining fixative with microwave fixation ten years previously. We discovered with ESS analysis that NHA is a sensitive and ideal chemical reagent for calcium ion deteclion in a cell giving the same view as that of frozen dried or freeze-substituted tissue sections. Calcium was clearly seen and widely distributed in developing chondroblast endoplasmic ultrastructures: ribosomes, cell and endoplasmic membranes, mitochondria, Golgi, and nucleus. However, free mesen-chymal cells which were not involved in calcifying functions had only a very small amount of calcium. Calcium was widely distributed in the lacunae of the surrounding space of the chondroblasts and inmature matrix, but the exoplasm of the chondroblasts was almost calcium-free. Other elemental images in the young chondrocytes or osteoblasts, i.e.. P・L, S・L, O・K, and N・K, were seen clearly superimposed on the cell ultrastructures, i.e.. the cell membranes, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticula, mitochondria, Golgi, and nucleus [24].

著者

De-Fu Ma Ryohei Katoh Hong Zhou Pei-Yu Wang

出版者

JAPAN SOCIETY OF HISTOCHEMISTRY AND CYTOCHEMISTRY

雑誌

ACTA HISTOCHEMICA ET CYTOCHEMICA (ISSN:00445991)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.2, pp.61-67, 2007 (Released:2007-05-12)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

6 8

---

To assess the effect of milk on the development of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary tumors, 48 female Sprague-Dawley rats treated with DMBA were divided into 3 groups and given 1 of 3 test solutions for 20 weeks as their drinking liquid: milk, estrone sulfate solution or tap water. The milk group showed a significantly great incidence (75%) in tumor development compared with the water group (38%) and was comparable to the estrone sulfate group (69%). Mean tumor number per rat in the milk group was significantly higher than that in the water group (p=0.009). We classified the mammary tumors into three histological types: intraductal papilloma, fibroadenoma, and adenocarcinoma. Although the percent of intraductal papilloma and fibroadenoma was almost same among the three groups, malignant tumor was found only in the milk and estrone sulfate groups. In conclusion, our results indicate that milk as well as estrone sulfate promotes the development of DMBA-induced mammary tumors in rat and could be associated with the occurrence of adenocarcinoma.