著者

DESCHAMPS ALAIN M. OTUK GULTEN LEBEAULT JEAN-MICHEL

出版者

公益社団法人日本生物工学会

雑誌

Journal of fermentation technology (ISSN:03856380)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.1, pp.55-59, 1983-02-25

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The production of tannase (tannin acyl-hydrolase) was demonstrated in cultivated strains of Bacillus pumilus, B. polymyxa, Corynebacterium sp., and Klebsiella pneumoniae, with chestnut bark extract as the sole carbon source. The rapid degradation of the tannin structure was related to the production of extracellular tannase assayed by a new method. Gallic acid was the only degradation product observed with 3 of the strains, but intermediate products were detected in the cultivation broth of Bacillus pumilus. The optimum pH of enzyme activity was 5.5.

著者

KANEMITSU HIDEAKI FUKUDA MASAO YANO KENJI

出版者

Society of Fermentation Technology, Japan

雑誌

Journal of fermentation technology

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.3, pp.175-181, 1980

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The genetic basis of biodegradation of toluene and etylbenzene was studied in a pseudomonad, Pseudomonas species RMT2001,belonging to the fluorescent group. RMT2001 utilized toluenen and ethylbenzene. The degradative ability on toluene exhibited by RMT2001 was lost spontaneously to some extans. Treatment with various curing agents stimulated the rate of eliminaiton. Cells which lost the degradative ability on toluene no longer showed the assimilating ablities on toluene and ethylbenzene originally exhibited by the parent strain. No revertant to a prototype was obtained hitherto. The degradative albility on toluene could be transferred to P. aeruginosa PAO38 by mating at an elevated temperature where the restriction mechanism of PAO38 could be depressed. Transconjugants, however, were extremenly unstable to maintain the phenotype. Transconjugants which were obtained by mating between RMT2001 (donor) and P. putida AC783 (recipient) were stable to maintain the phenotype and showed the degradative abilities on toluene and ethylbenzene exhibited by RMT2001. These facts suggest that degradative abilities on toluene and ethylbenzene in the pseudojmonad were by plasmid DNA.

著者

DHAVISES GAYSORN SRIPRASERTSAK PERMPONG TANAKA TOSHIO TANIGUCHI MAKOTO OI SUSUMU

出版者

公益社団法人日本生物工学会

雑誌

Journal of fermentation technology (ISSN:03856380)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.1, pp.45-49, 1985-02-25

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Methane fermentation of agro-wastes and grasses using acclimated sludges derived from mud collected from hen, goose, and Indian cow ranges was studies under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions. Alkaline pretreatment of the substrates improved the gas evolution, particularly under thermophilic conditions. The fermentation of rice straw pretreated with 0.3 N NaOH yielded 560 ml of gas containing 67% CH_4 (v/v) per gram of the substrate after 5 day's incubation at 55℃, while only 450 ml of gas containing 60% CH_4 was evolved per gram of the substrate after 7 days' incubation at 37℃. However, gas evolution from Italian ryegrass was delayed under thermophilic conditions. Overall, 430-680 ml of gas containing over 50% CH_4 was obtained from the thermophilic methane fermentation by Indian cow range mud sludge of various agro-wastes and grasses after 3-5 days' incubation.

著者

YANAGIMOTO MASAKATSU SAITOH HITOSHI KAKIMOTO NORIHIRO

出版者

公益社団法人日本生物工学会

雑誌

Journal of fermentation technology (ISSN:03856380)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.3, pp.233-238, 1983-06-25

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The uptake of germanium (Ge) by microalgae was interesting because of a therapeutic effect of organic germanium. In the case of blue green algae, Oscillatoria sp. and Spirulina platensis, satisfactory amounts of Ge were accumulated in the cells, where the pH of the culture was shifted to 11.8 or 12.3,after sufficient growth. These algae could hardly grow in a culture at pH 11.8 or pH 12.3. In the case of Chlorella ellipsoideae, a good result could not be obtained. But a relatively high uptake of Ge into the cells could be obtained in the culture shifted to pH 8.6,in which the alga could hardly grow. Although the effective pHs are different, the effect of the elevated pH of the cultures can be called an alkaline shift efect from the same feature.