著者

Ioku Kana Aoyama Yuka Tokuno Ayaka TERAO Junji NAKATANI Nobuji TAKEI Yoko

出版者

一般財団法人 学会誌刊行センター

雑誌

Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.1, pp.78-83, 2001-02-01

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

14 83

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Onion is a major source of flavonoids and is cooked in various ways in the world. The major flavonoids in onion are two quercetin glycosides, quercetin 4'-<i>O</i>-&beta;-gluco-side (<i>Q</i>4'G) and quercetin 3, 4'-<i>O</i>&beta;-diglucosides (<i>Q</i>3, 4'G), which are recognized as bioac-tive substances that are good for our health. We have investigated the effect of cooking pro-cedures on the content of antioxidants. We selected quercetin conjugates, total phenol com-pounds, and ascorbic acid to estimate the amount of flavonoid ingestion from onion. We ex-amined the following cooking methods; boiling, frying with oil and butter, and microwave cooking. Various cooking methods do not consider the degradation of quercetin conjugates when cooking onion. Microwave cooking without water better retains flavonoids and ascor-bic acid. Frying does not affect flavonoid intake. The boiling of onion leads to about 30% loss of quercetin glycosides, which transfers to the boiling water. At that time, the effect of addi-tives on the quercetin conjugates is different according to the compounds. The hydrolysis of quercetin glycosides for daily cooking might occur with the addition of seasonings such as glutamic acid. Additional ferrous ions accelerated the loss of flavonoids.

著者

ONGROONGRUANGI Savanit TANPHAICHITR Vichai

出版者

一般財団法人 学会誌刊行センター

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.4, pp.275-280, 1987

被引用文献数

1

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Essential fatty acid (EFA) status was assessed in 15 Southern Thai preschool children. The mean (&plusmn; SD) serum linoleate (18: 2 <i>n</i>-6), arachidonate (20:4 <i>n</i>-6), linolenate (18:3 <i>n</i>-3), eicosapentaenoate (20:5 <i>n</i>-3), and docosahexaenoate (22:6 <i>n</i>-3) percentages in the preschool children were 21.7&plusmn;4.0, 6.0&plusmn;1.2, 0.4&plusmn;0.1, 1.2&plusmn;0.8, and 4.4&plusmn;1.3, respectively. Since EFA composition of total serum lipids in healthy children are not available and age and sex do not largely influence these parameters, the results of the preschool children were compared with those of 10 healthy Bangkok adults. The corresponding figures of the aforementioned fatty acids in adults were 34.9&plusmn;8.5, 4.6&plusmn;1.5, 0.8&plusmn;0.4, 0.5&plusmn;0.4, and 1.6&plusmn;0.8, respectively. The data indicate linoleate and linolenate depletion in the preschool children. This was due to their low fat intake and lack of consumption of vegetable oil rich in linoleic and linolenic acids. Their high serum arachidonate percentage was probably due to the increased conversion of 18:2 <i>n</i>-6 to 20:4 <i>n</i>-6 in the presence of linolenate depletion. The significantly higher serum 20: 5 <i>n</i>-3 and 22:6 <i>n</i>-3 percentages in the preschool children should be due to direct consumption of these two <i>n</i>-3 fatty acids from fish intake.

著者

WAKISAKA Shiori NAGAI Hajime MURA Emi MATSUMOTO Takehiro MORITANI Toshio NAGAI Narumi

出版者

一般財団法人 学会誌刊行センター

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.5, pp.333-338, 2012

被引用文献数

16

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Although previous reports suggested that carbonated water drinking was effective against gastrointestinal symptoms, there is little information about the effects of carbonated water on gastric and appetite sensation. We therefore investigated the effect of carbonated water on short-term fullness with respect to gastric and cardiac responses in 19 healthy young women. Each subject was tested on three separate days at approximately 9 a.m. after an overnight fast. Gastric motility, evaluated by electrogastrography (EGG) and heart rate (HR), was measured for 20 min in the fasting state and 40 min after ingestion of water. Preloads consisted of an equivalent amount (250 mL) of water (W) or carbonated water (CW) and no drinking (blank). Fullness scores were measured using visual analog scales. To determine gastric motility, we assessed the component of bradygastria (1-2 cycles/min [cpm]), normogastria (2-4 cpm), tachygastria (4-9 cpm), and dominant frequency of the EGG power spectrum. After ingestion of CW, significant increases in fullness scores were observed compared with W. All postprandial EGG powers were significantly greater than preprandial, but no group difference was found. However, a dominant frequency tended to shift toward a lower band after ingestion of W. A significantly higher HR was found following consumption of CW as opposed to W. Multiple regression analysis revealed that increased HR was a significant variable contributing to the variances in fullness after ingestion of CW at 40 min. Our data suggest that CW may induce a short-term, but significant, satiating effect through enhanced postprandial gastric and cardiac activities due possibly to the increased sympathetic activity and/or withdrawal of parasympathetic activity.