著者

Takeru SHIMA Tomonori YOSHIKAWA Hayate ONISHI

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.6, pp.527-532, 2022-12-31 (Released:2022-12-31)

参考文献数

51

被引用文献数

1

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Low-carbohydrate and high-protein (LC-HP) diets are acceptable for improving physiological and metabolic parameters. However, the effects of LC-HP diets on the brain are unclear, which depend on glycometabolism for neuronal activity. Since astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle (ANLS) is an essential pathway for maintaining brain functions, we investigated the changes in hippocampal memory function. In addition, the alteration of lactate transporter constituting ANLS and ANLS-related neurotrophic factors by feeding LC-HP diets was evaluated in healthy mice. C57BL/6 mice were divided into two groups: a group feeding LC-HP diet (24.6% carbohydrate, 57.6% protein, and 17.8% fat as percentages of calories) and a group feeding control diet (58.6% carbohydrate, 24.2% protein, and 17.2% fat as percentages of calories). Here, we found that 4 wk of LC-HP diet feeding suppressed memory function in mice evaluated by Y-maze. Hippocampal mRNA levels of lactate transporters, such as Mct1, Mct4, and Mct2, were unchanged with feeding LC-HP diets; however, LC-HP diets significantly decreased Dcx and Igf-1 receptor mRNA levels in the hippocampus. Bdnf and its related signaling in mice hippocampus exhibited no change by LC-HP diets. Although there was non-influence in the lactate-transport system, LC-HP diets would suppress hippocampal working memory with dysregulation of neuroplasticity. The current data propose the importance of food choices for maintaining hippocampal health.

著者

Mamoru NISHIMUTA Naoko KODAMA Yutaka YOSHITAKE Mieko SHIMADA Naho SERIZAWA

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.2, pp.83-89, 2018 (Released:2018-04-30)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

4 8

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Inevitable sodium loss under sodium restriction must not be construed as evidence for the estimated average requirement (EAR) for sodium (Na) in humans. We conducted human mineral balance studies to determine the EAR for some minerals (Na, K, Ca, Mg, P, Zn, Fe, Cu and Mn). Na concentration in arm sweat was low while those of calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) were high, during relatively heavy bicycle-ergometer exercise under relatively low Na intake (100 mmol/d). This suggests that Na was released from the bone, the sole pool of Na, with Ca and Mg. Additionally, the negative balances of Ca and Mg was observed under a relatively low sodium intake (100 mmol/d) even with the sufficient supply and intake of Ca and Mg into human body. Finally, we found no correlation between the Na intake and the Na balance, while the Na-intake was correlated significantly to the balances of K, Ca and Mg. The Na intake necessary to keep the balances of Ca and Mg positive was calculated to be 68 mg/kg body weight/d. To learn the signs and symptoms of low sodium intake, we compared the results of a metabolic study in which subjects consumed diets with 6 g and 12 g salt/d respectively. The blood pressure decreased only with the 6 g/d group. Fecal moisture contents of the 6 g/d group were lower than for the 12 g/d group, suggesting the fecal Na was strongly reabsorbed with water when the dietary Na was insufficienct. Indiscriminate Na restriction may have adverse effects on health.

著者

H. M. EL-HINDI H. A. AMER

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.5, pp.505-510, 1989 (Released:2009-04-28)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

6 7

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Six variable supplementations of thiamine magnesium, and sulfates were given to 30 male adult rats in their diets. After 3 weeks, the concentrations of thiamine in the blood and liver and those of cholesterol, phospholipids, and triglycerides in the serum were determined. Blood thiamine level did not reflect the vitamin content in liver. Sufficient and/or excessive intake of the 3 supplementations caused an increase in liver thiamine content and body weight gain; it also caused a reduction in serum cholesterol level without a change in the levels of serum triglycerides and phospholipids. Deficiency of both magnesium and sufate salts in thiamine-supplemented groups decreased body weight gain and liver thiamine content with a significant elevation of serum triglycerides.

著者

Ivena CLARESTA Dianti Desita SARI Susi NUROHMI FATHIMAH Amilia Yuni DAMAYANTI

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.Supplement, pp.S283-S285, 2020 (Released:2021-02-22)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

2

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Rasulullah Shallahu’alaihiwassalam said, “if a fly falls in the vessel anyone of you, let him dip all of it (in the vessel) and then throw it away, for in one of its wings has the ailment and the other has the cure” (Al-Bukhari). This hadith creates controversy because in general flies are a vector for the spread of disease from dirty places to food or drinks. Therefore, the research was conducted on right-wing of fly (Musca domestica) as neutralization of drinks contaminated by a microbe. This research used the method of Complete Random Design by 5 treatments and 2 repetitions. The treatment was done by sterilized water (positive control), drinking water added to the bacteria Escherichia coli (negative control), and drinking water contaminated by Escherichia coli bacteria with the addition of 1, 2, and 3 flies right-wings. The research began with taking the right-wing of fly and continued with the dilution of Escherichia coli culture tubes up to 6 times. The bacterial culture inoculation was carried out using Pour Plate method on Eosin Methylene Blue agar which is incubated for 12–48 h at a temperature of 37ºC. Data retrieval is done by observing the calculation of the number of microbes using a colony counter every 12 h. The data which obtained for 48 h incubation show “0” as the result, that cannot be analyzed with SPSS. The result indicates the microbial development does not occur on contaminated drinks by addition with right-wing of Musca domestica.

著者

Satoshi TAKEMOTO Akane YAMAMOTO Shozo TOMONAGA Masayuki FUNABA Tohru MATSUI

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.6, pp.560-563, 2013 (Released:2014-01-30)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

7 18

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Mast cells, multifunctional effector cells of the immune system, are implicated in the pathogenesis of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis. Magnesium (Mg) deficiency was reported to increase triglyceride concentration in the liver, and to exacerbate the collagen deposition induced by carbon tetrachloride in the liver. Although Mg deficiency increases mast cells in the small intestine, the kidney and bone marrow, the effect of Mg deficiency on mast cells has not been clarified in the liver. We examined the emergence of mast cells in the liver of Sprague-Dawley rats given an Mg-deficient diet. Rats were fed a control diet or an Mg-deficient diet for 4 wk. Mg deficiency increased the levels of mRNA known to be expressed by mast cells in the liver; the mRNA of α- and β-chain high-affinity immunoglobulin E receptor (FcεR1α, FcεR1β), and the mRNA of mast cell protease 1 (Mcpt1), and mast cell protease 2 (Mcpt2). Histological observation showed that some mast cells were locally distributed around portal triads in the Mg-deficient group but mast cells were scarcely found in the control group. These results clearly indicate that Mg deficiency induces the emergence of mast cells around portal triads of the liver in Sprague-Dawley rats.

著者

Masaki TAKAHASHI Yu TAHARA

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.Supplement, pp.S2-S4, 2022-11-30 (Released:2022-11-25)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

7

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Growing evidence from animal and human research indicates the importance of homeostatic regulation of the circadian clock in the body. Dysfunction of the circadian clock caused by jet lag or night-shift work increases the risk of obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Thus, it is important to consider the circadian clock function for prevention of these diseases. Chrono-nutrition is a recently established research field that examines the relationship between the timing of food/nutrition and health. It is well known that breakfast skipping and late-night meals are independent risk factors for diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Chrono-nutrition also advocates research on nutrition and the biological clock and the social implementation of the research. Breakfast can advance the phase of the peripheral clock, but late dinner can delay it. Moreover, many functional foods and nutrients, such as caffeine and polyphenols, regulate the circadian clock. In this review, we discuss how diet/nutrition entrains the peripheral clock and the relationship between meal timing and health outcomes. In addition, the effects of time-restricted feeding/eating on metabolism and related diseases are discussed. Lastly, we introduce “personalized chrono-nutrition,” that uses recent progress of technology such as sensors and the artificial intelligence/internet of things (AI/IOT) to promote personalized chrono-nutritional suggestions and health systems.

著者

Kazuo ERAMI Yasutake TANAKA Sayaka KAWAMURA Motonori MIYAGO Ai SAWAZAKI Katsumi IMAIZUMI Masao SATO

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.4, pp.240-248, 2016 (Released:2016-10-05)

参考文献数

51

被引用文献数

6

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Egg yolk is an important source of nutrients and contains different bioactive substances. In the present study, we studied the benefits of egg yolk in preventing low-protein-diet-induced fatty liver in rats. Rats were fed the following diets, which were based on the AIN-76 formula, for 2 wk: an adequate-protein diet containing 20% casein (C), a low-protein diet containing 5% casein (LP-C), a low-protein diet supplemented with 12.5% egg yolk (LP-EY), and a low-protein diet supplemented with 4.1% egg yolk oil (LP-EYO). The low-protein diets were adjusted to contain 4.13% protein and 4.7% lipids. The LP-C diet resulted in a greater increase in the liver trigriceride (TG) and the vacuolation and a greater decrease in the serum TG and free fatty acid (FFA) than did the C diet. These deviations in the serum and liver TG, serum FFA levels and the liver histopathology were corrected in rats fed the LP-EY diet but not in those fed the LP-EYO diet. Compared to rats fed the LP-C diet, although the activities of lipogenesis-related enzymes (fatty acid synthase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and malic enzyme) decreased in rats fed both of the LP-EY and LP-EYO diets, the level of the microsomal TG transfer protein (MTP) increased only in rats fed the LP-EY diet. Collectively, these results suggest that dietary egg yolk supplementation decreases the LP diet-induced accumulation of TG in the liver by increasing transport of TG in the liver, and egg yolk oil alone is not sufficient enough to bring about these benefits.

著者

Kaori KAIMOTO Mikako YAMASHITA Taro SUZUKI Hyuma MAKIZAKO Chihaya KORIYAMA Takuro KUBOZONO Toshihiro TAKENAKA Mitsuru OHISHI Hiroaki KANOUCHI the Tarumizu Study Diet Group

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.1, pp.39-47, 2021 (Released:2021-02-28)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

9

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We examined the association between nutrient intake and prefrailty. Data from 815 older people (63% women) who participated in a community-based health check survey (Tarumizu Study) were analyzed. Prefrailty were defined using five parameters (exhaustion, slowness, weakness, low physical activity, and weight loss). Participants with one or more components were considered to belong to the prefrailty group. Nutrition intake was estimated from a validated brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire. Among the participants, 154 men (52%) and 278 women (54%) were found to be in a status of prefrailty. In men, there were no significant associations between nutrient intake and prefrailty. In women, carbohydrate intake was slightly higher in prefrailty group. Vitamins K, B1, B2, folic acid, pantothenic acid, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, and copper intake was significantly lower in the prefrailty group. Among the nutrients, magnesium was identified as a significant covariate of prefrailty using a stepwise regression method. In women adjusted ORs (95%CI, p value) for prefrailty in the first, second, third, and fourth quartiles of magnesium intake were 1.00 (reference), 0.52 (0.29–0.92, 0.024), 0.51 (0.28–0.95, 0.033), and 0.38 (0.19–0.74, 0.005), respectively, by multivariate logistic regression analysis (variates: age, body mass index, energy intake, supplement use, osteoporosis, magnesium, and protein intake). Protein intake did not related to prefrailty. Protein intake might be sufficient to prevent prefrailty in the present study. We propose magnesium to be an important micronutrient that prevents prefrailty in community-dwelling older Japanese women.

著者

Akinori YAEGASHI Takashi KIMURA Takumi HIRATA Akiko TAMAKOSHI

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.3, pp.155-161, 2022-06-30 (Released:2022-06-30)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

2

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This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between green tea consumption and depression symptom risk, using subgroup analyses concerning study design, geographical region of study, adjustment factors, age, cut-off for the highest consumption category, and depression assessment methods applied. We used PubMed to search for relevant literature. The inclusion criteria were studies that (a) investigated this association as a primary or secondary outcome; (b) published in English; (c) assessed and reported hazard ratios or odds ratios (ORs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for depression symptoms, or included sufficient information to allow their calculation; (d) included at least two groups differentiated based on green tea consumption (e.g., high and low); (e) reported the prevalence of depression symptoms in each group; and (f) reported the sample size for each group. Eight articles were found to meet all criteria. The results indicated that high green tea consumption is inversely associated with depression symptoms. The pooled OR was 0.66 (95% CI 0.58–0.74), and significant heterogeneity was not observed. Subgroup analysis showed that study design impacted results (cohort study [one study]: OR=0.29, 95% CI=0.04–2.14; cross-sectional study [seven studies]: OR=0.66, 95% CI=0.59–0.75). These findings suggest that green tea consumption reduces the risk of depression symptoms. This association was also observed in the cohort study included, but the results in which did not reach the significant level. Therefore, further cohort studies are needed to confirm the potential causal relationship in this regard.

著者

Anna YAMANOUCHI Yoshihiro YOSHIMURA Yumi MATSUMOTO Seungwon JEONG

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.4, pp.229-234, 2016 (Released:2016-10-05)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

13 11

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Sarcopenia is known to increase the risk of adverse outcomes, including disability, loss of independence, hospitalization, longer length of hospital stay, and mortality, but there is little data about the prevalence of sarcopenia and the factors associated with increased physical dependency and cognitive decline among older patients hospitalized in a long-term care (LTC) ward in Japan. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 79 consecutive patients (34 men, 45 women) with a median age of 81 y hospitalized in an LTC hospital. Sarcopenia was defined according to the recommended algorithm of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. Skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) was assessed by using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Physical dependency and cognitive decline were evaluated by the Functional Independence Measure (FIM). Nutritional status was evaluated by using the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form and daily intake of energy and protein. Multivariate analyses were applied to examine factors associated with increased physical dependency and cognitive decline. Median SMI was 4.9 kg/m2 (interquartile range [IQR], 4.0-5.3 kg/m2) in men and 3.3 kg/m2 (IQR, 2.9-3.8 kg/m2) in women, showing that all participants had an SMI below the cut-off value. Seventy participants (88.6%) were unable to perform the hand grip strength test, and all participants were unable to perform the gait speed test. Multivariate analysis showed that oral nutritional access and daily energy intake were associated both with physical and cognitive level (p<0.05).

著者

Takanori TSUDA

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.Supplement, pp.S110-S112, 2022-11-30 (Released:2022-11-25)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

2

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There is growing interest in the health benefits of natural plant pigments such as anthocyanins and curcumin. In this review, we introduce how these pigments can contribute to the prevention of diabetes and obesity by stimulating glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion or inducing beige adipocyte formation. Of the anthocyanins, delphinidin 3-rutinoside (D3R) was shown to increase GLP-1 secretion. Pre-administered D3R-rich blackcurrant extract (BCE) significantly ameliorated glucose tolerance after intraperitoneal glucose injection in rats by stimulating the secretion of GLP-1 and subsequently inducing insulin secretion. D3R did not break down significantly in the gastrointestinal tract for at least 45–60 min after BCE administration. An increase in endogenous GLP-1 secretion induced by food-derived factors may help to reduce the dosages of diabetic medicines and prevent diabetes. Curcumin has various biological functions, including anti-obesity and anti-diabetic properties. However, high doses of curcumin have been administered in most animal and human trials to date, due mainly to the poor solubility of native curcumin in water and its low oral bioavailability. We demonstrated that a highly dispersible and bioavailable curcumin formulation (HC), but not native curcumin, induces the formation of beige adipocytes. Furthermore, co-administration of HC and artepillin C (a characteristic constituent of Brazilian propolis) at lower doses significantly induces beige adipocyte formation in mice, but administration of the same dose of HC or artepillin C alone does not. Our studies demonstrate that curcumin formulations or the co-administration of curcumin with other food-derived factors provide effects that native curcumin alone does not.

著者

Song-Gyu RA Hironari NAKAGAWA Yuki TOMIGA Hiroki IIZAWA Shihoko NAKASHIMA Yasuki HIGAKI Kentaro KAWANAKA

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.4, pp.243-249, 2022-08-31 (Released:2022-08-31)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

1

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We examined the effects of dietary vitamin D deficiency on markers of mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics in rat soleus muscle. Male Wistar rats were fed a chow with no vitamin D (No-D; 0 IU/kg) or a moderate dose (Mod-D; 2,000 IU/kg) of vitamin D chow for 8 wk. Compared to the Mod-D group, at 8 wk the No-D group showed significantly lower serum 25(OH)D levels. Although vitamin D deficiency had no effect on body composition, the No-D rats showed significantly decreased levels of PGC-1α, a marker of skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis, and DRP1, a marker of skeletal muscle mitochondrial fission. The change in the PGC-1α protein expression and the serum 25(OH)D concentrations were significantly correlated. The change in DRP1 protein expression and the serum 25(OH)D concentrations tended to be correlated. There was no significant between-group difference in markers of mitochondrial fusion (MFN2 and OPA1) and mitophagy (PARKIN) in soleus muscle, and no relationship with serum 25(OH)D concentrations. Collectively our findings suggest that dietary vitamin D deficiency decreased PGC-1α and DRP1 protein expression in rat soleus muscle.

著者

Yoshimi KISHIMOTO Chie TAGUCHI Norie SUZUKI-SUGIHARA Emi SAITA Mika USUDA Wei WANG Yasunobu MASUDA Kazuo KONDO

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.5, pp.361-365, 2016 (Released:2016-12-06)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

2 18

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The egg is a nutrient-dense food and contains a number of antioxidants. The consumption of eggs has been considered to improve the balance of diets, although its impact on serum cholesterol levels has been a matter of concern in many countries. Here, we conducted a pilot study to investigate whether daily additional consumption of an egg might affect serum lipid profiles and also antioxidant status in healthy subjects. Fourteen male subjects were provided with breakfasts including a boiled egg for 4 wk. At the end of intervention, serum concentrations of total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were unchanged, despite the significant increase in the intake of dietary cholesterol. In contrast, a significant increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and a reduction of the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio were observed. Interestingly, the malondialdehyde modified-LDL (MDA-LDL)/LDL-C ratio and the oxidizability of LDL were significantly reduced. Serum total antioxidant capacity value after the intervention period was higher than at baseline. These data indicate that consuming one egg per day for 4 wk as breakfast in addition to a normal diet does not affect serum lipids, and suggests that it may improve serum antioxidant status in healthy males.

著者

Maya KAMAO Yoshitomo SUHARA Naoko TSUGAWA Masako UWANO Noriko YAMAGUCHI Kazuhiro UENISHI Hiromi ISHIDA Satoshi SASAKI Toshio OKANO

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.6, pp.464-470, 2007 (Released:2008-01-18)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

55 118

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Several reports indicate an important role for vitamin K in bone health as well as blood coagulation. However, the current Adequate Intakes (AI) might not be sufficient for the maintenance of bone health. To obtain a closer estimate of dietary intake of phylloquinone (PK) and menaquinones (MKs), PK, MK-4 and MK-7 contents in food samples (58 food items) were determined by an improved high-performance liquid chromatography method. Next, we assessed dietary vitamin K intake in young women living in eastern Japan using vitamin K contents measured here and the Standard Tables of Food Composition in Japan. PK was widely distributed in green vegetables and algae, and high amounts were found in spinach and broccoli (raw, 498 and 307 μg/100 g wet weight, respectively). Although MK-4 was widely distributed in animal products, overall MK-4 content was lower than PK. MK-7 was observed characteristically in fermented soybean products such as natto (939 μg/100 g). The mean total vitamin K intake of all subjects (using data from this study and Japanese food composition tables) was about 230 μg/d and 94% of participants met the AI of vitamin K for women aged 18-29 y in Japan, 60 μg/d. The contributions of PK, MK-4 and MK-7 to total vitamin K intake were 67.7, 7.3 and 24.9%, respectively. PK from vegetables and algae and MK-7 from pulses (including fermented soybean foods) were the major contributors to the total vitamin K intake of young women living in eastern Japan.

著者

Sidra JABEEN Humaira Fayyaz KHAN Shazia ALI Abdul Hamid SIDDIQUE Sana MAJEED Saira SAFDER Fozia SHAMSHAD

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.1, pp.1-7, 2022-02-28 (Released:2022-02-28)

参考文献数

24

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Sub endothelial infarcts leads to non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome. Proinflammatory cytokines are raised in serum, the severity of which is a poor prognostic sign. Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent among patients of ACS. Vitamin D has immunomodulatory roles having effects on various aspects of inflammation. A total of 40 patients were divided into experimental (n=20) and control (n=20) groups. Experimental group was given single dose of vitamin D 200,000 IU. They were assessed for baseline C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α levels by using sandwich ELISA technique. Four months after intervention resampling was done for the same parameters. Findings were expressed as mean±SD. Independent sample t-test was used to compare effect of vitamin D intervention between control group and intervention group. p-value of ≤0.05 was considered to be significant. The serum C-reactive protein showed significant reduction (p=0.028*) after intervention with vitamin D. Serum interleukin-6 (p=0.848), tumor necrosis factor-α (p=0.20) were decreased non-significantly in experimental as compared to the control group. It was concluded that a single large dose of vitamin D was able to reduce the C-reactive protein in non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome patients while non-significant reductions in interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α were observed.

著者

Naomi YOSHII Koji SATO Riki OGASAWARA Toshiyuki KURIHARA Takafumi HAMAOKA Satoshi FUJITA

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.6, pp.379-388, 2017 (Released:2018-01-12)

参考文献数

47

被引用文献数

6

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Dietary protein intake is critical for maintaining an optimal muscle mass, especially among older individuals. Although protein supplementation during resistance training (RT) has been shown to further augment training-induced muscle mass in older individuals, the impact of daily variations in protein intake on training-induced muscle mass has not been explored thus far. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between the dietary protein and amino acid intake and RT-induced muscle hypertrophy among older individuals. Ten healthy older men (n=10; mean age=69±2 y; body weight (BW)=61.5±2.2 kg; height=1.65±0.02 m) participated in progressive RT performed 3 times/wk for 12 wk. Body composition (using DXA) and nutritional assessments (using a 3-d dietary record) were performed before and after the training period. Leg lean mass (LLM) increased significantly (15.0±0.8 vs. 15.4±0.8 kg, p<0.05) after RT, with no change in dietary nutrient intake. The average dietary protein intake was 1.62±0.11 g/kg BW/d, while essential amino acids was 600±51 mg/kg BW/d. Although the correlation between the increase in LLM and dietary protein intake was not significant, a significant correlation was found between the increase in LLM and dietary essential amino acid (EAA) intake. Furthermore, there were significant correlations between the increase in LLM and protein as well as EAA (especially leucine) intake at breakfast among subjects with suboptimal protein intake (p<0.05). Our study findings indicate that dietary protein as well as EAA intake may be significant contributing factors in muscle hypertrophic response during RT among healthy older men.

著者

Kimiko NISHINO Masaru SAKURAI Yumie TAKESHITA Toshinari TAKAMURA

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.5, pp.316-320, 2018-10-31 (Released:2018-10-31)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

5 10

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We aimed to examine the effects of variable timing of carbohydrate intake on postprandial glucose and insulin excursion in a diet with the same levels of energy and balance of three major nutrients. The study subjects included 8 healthy individuals, mean age 20.0±1.2 y (4 males and 4 females; mean age, 19.1±0.7 and 20.8±0.9 y, respectively), without a family history of diabetes. They consumed a test meal consisting of three separate plates of rice, vegetables, and meat after an overnight fast. The subjects consumed the three plates in different orders on three different days; the subsequent changes in glucose and insulin levels were measured over a 120-min period. The participants who consumed rice at the end showed a significantly lower increase in glucose and insulin levels after 30 min of consumption than that shown by participants who consumed rice first. The areas under the curves for both glucose and insulin responses over 120 min were the least when rice was consumed last, whereas they were the greatest when rice was consumed first. These findings suggested that consuming carbohydrates at the end of a meal is associated with lower postprandial excursions of glucose and insulin. In conclusion, consuming carbohydrates last following vegetables and meat protects against postprandial excursions of glucose and insulin levels.

著者

Shohei KATSUYA Yoshikazu KAWATA Tsuyoshi GOTO Jun TSUBOTA

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.2, pp.121-128, 2023-04-30 (Released:2023-04-30)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

1

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Currently, there is considerable interest in ketone metabolism owing to the benefits for human health. Conventionally, strict dietary restrictions on carbohydrates are required to increase plasma ketone levels, while supplementation with D-β-hydroxybutyric acid (D-BHB) can easily increase plasma ketone levels. We hypothesized that a daily intake of D-BHB could promote weight loss, especially through fat reduction. Herein, D-BHB (OKETOATM) was produced via a proprietary fermentation process from sugar. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, we assessed the safety and fat-reduction effects after 12 wk of daily ingestion of D-BHB (2.9 g) in 22 healthy Japanese adults and 22 control participants. Blood samples were collected pre- and post-treatment. Blood chemistry, anthropometric variables, and the body composition of the participants were investigated. Data analysis revealed that visceral fat at 12 wk significantly decreased by 9.0 cm2 (p=0.037), as evidenced by analysis of covariance. Blood parameters and body condition showed no significant differences between the two groups, and the participants reported no adverse effects or discomfort. Furthermore, data were analyzed by regrouping the participants. After removing one suspicious diabetes participant, all others showed significant decreases in visceral fat, body weight, BMI, and fat weight. Additionally, those aged under 50 y old had significantly decreased abdominal circumference and body fat percentage, in addition to visceral fat, body weight, BMI, and fat weight. Overall, our findings indicate that daily D-BHB intake may reduce body fat without dieting or exercise intervention. This study was registered with the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry as UMIN000045322.

著者

Youn-Soo CHA Sung-Keun CHOI Heajung SUH Seong-No LEE Dongyoung CHO Kiwon LIM

出版者

(財)学会誌刊行センター/日本ビタミン学会、日本栄養・食糧学会

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.6, pp.378-384, 2001 (Released:2009-04-28)

被引用文献数

13

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The purpose of this study was to examine whether caffeine (CAF), carnitine (CAR), or CAP +CAR mixture administration affects exercise endurance time via carnitine metabolism. Water (CON), CAF, CAR, or CAF+CAR mixture was administered to five male rugby athletes participating in this study by a randomized double-blind fashion who were made to ride a cycle ergometer for exercise. The CAF effect on exercise endurance time was small, but the CAR trial significantly increased the exercise endurance time compared with CON trial; a further CAP+CAR mixture trial had greater effects on the exercise endurance time than those of a CON, CAF, or CAR trial. A CAR or CAF+CAR mixed trial increased uri-nary nonesterified carnitine (NEC) and total carnitine (TCAR), but no changes were ob-served in acid-soluble acylcarnitine (ASAC) and acid-insoluble acylcarnitine (AIAC) excre-tion. A CAR or CAF+CAR mixed trial resulted in higher levels of plasma NEC, ASAC, and TCAR fractions than the CON and CAF trials did on exhaustion time. Total cholesterol, triglyceride, and free fatty acid in blood were significantly increased at exhaustion time, but they were not affected in the CAF or the CAR trial. These results suggest that carnitine in-gestion could promote fat oxidation, resulting in higher endurance performance in athletes, and especially these ergogenic effects of carnitine coingested with caffeine may be greater than those of carnitine alone.

著者

Yutaka TAKETANI Masashi MASUDA Hisami YAMANAKA-OKUMURA Sawako TATSUMI Hiroko SEGAWA Ken-ichi MIYAMOTO Eiji TAKEDA Hironori YAMAMOTO

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.Supplement, pp.S173-S175, 2015 (Released:2015-11-24)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

5 10

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an increasing problem worldwide. The number of end-stage renal disease patients requiring treatment by dialysis is estimated to be increasing by 10,000 patients per year in Japan. Furthermore, an estimated 13 million people are living with CKD in Japan. Various complications are associated with CKD, including cardiovascular disease (CVD). More than one-third of CKD patients die from CVD. Thus, prevention of CVD is a primary concern for the treatment of CKD patients. CKD-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) is a serious complication that typically leads to CVD. Hyperphosphatemia is thought to be a central-risk factor for CKD-MBD. Therefore, managing hyperphosphatemia is crucial to prevent CKD-MBD and CVD. It is difficult to achieve the target serum phosphate level through dietary modifications alone in patients with hyperphosphatemia, because most foods contain phosphate. Thus, phosphate binders such as calcium carbonate are commonly prescribed to CKD patients with hyperphosphatemia, but these have undesirable side effects. Inhibition of intestinal phosphate transport activity has also been investigated as an alternative approach for controlling serum phosphate levels in CKD patients. Nicotinamide, which is the amide of niacin, can inhibit intestinal phosphate transport. Niacin and related compounds have also been developed as drugs for hyperlipidemia conditions, especially hypertriglyceridemia with low high-density lipoprotein. This type of dyslipidemia is frequently observed in CKD patients and is a modifiable risk factor for CVD. Thus, niacin and related compounds may have utility for the treatment of both hyperphosphatemia and dyslipidemia in CKD patients to prevent CVD.