著者

Xiaolong Huang

出版者

Center for Global Initiatives, Osaka University

雑誌

アジア太平洋論叢 (ISSN:13466224)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, pp.42-47, 2020-03-21 (Released:2020-03-21)

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The topic of this article is the translation or interpretation of medieval Japanese historical terms into foreign languages, specifically Chinese and English. The author is a researcher of medieval Japanese history, and her research focuses on Buddhist temples in regional society in late medieval Japan. A part of her work in this project is to conduct trial classes on Japanese history with international students. In 2017, the author gave a lecture in Japanese on religious powers and wars in medieval Japan to Vietnamese students, at Vietnam National University in Hanoi. In 2019, as a guest lecturer in Professor Kayoko Fujita’s class at Ritsumeikan University this semester, the author lectured on Buddhist history of pre-modern Japan in English to international students. These teaching experiences inspired the author to reconsider the approaches to translating and interpreting historical terms into English, and what differences occur when translating or interpreting the same terms into Chinese. The author writes the majority of her research articles in Japanese and Chinese, and she conducts translations of medieval Japanese history books written by Japanese and British scholars. Theses intellectual endeavors involve constant contemplation of the most appropriate ways to describe historical terms unique to Japan in Chinese and English. This is an extremely important issue because it is closely connected with the global dissemination of Japanese history studies. First, the author will briefly introduce the current teaching situation regarding medieval Japanese in China, using Fudan University as an example. Second, she will share her findings through her experiences teaching medieval Japanese and translating/interpreting medieval Japanese historical materials. Third, she will conclude the features of the dissemination of medieval Japanese history studies, focusing on the differences between China and the United States.

著者

李 宗泰

出版者

Center for Global Initiatives, Osaka University

雑誌

アジア太平洋論叢 (ISSN:13466224)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.1, pp.207-231, 2022 (Released:2022-03-26)

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本稿は映画シリーズ『欲望の街・古惑仔』のなかで、相互の交渉し合いながら「法秩序」を構成する侠客と警察官の行動、言説及び思考を、ミシェル・ド・セルトーの「弱者の戦術」という観点から考察する。従来の秩序が新たな秩序に組み換えられる過渡期において、社会秩序のあり方は、市民が新たな権力による秩序に関わることができるか否かということがまずもって問題となる。フィルムに表現される侠客と警察官の双方が着地点を求めて折り合うプロセスは、それぞれ市民が持つ二つの側面を代表しながら、イギリスから中国への統治権の移譲の埒外に置かれた香港市民が権力による一方的な秩序のなかに、果たして自らの秩序を見出し得るかという問いかけでもある。 本稿は「法秩序」の構成要素である「『縄張り』の統制」、「情報収集能力」及び「法秩序の進展に基づく侠客側の損得勘定の変化」という3つの観点から、返還直後の香港人が思い描く社会秩序についての投影を分析する。 警察官の管轄能力は「『縄張り』の統制」と「情報収集能力」によって決まる。しかし、法執行者にとって望ましい法と秩序を生じさせるのは、警察官だけではなく、侠客による暗黙理の服従を必要としている。その服従の正体は主人公の価値観にも関わりながらも、決定的要素は服従という行為を支える「損得勘定」である。 物語が進展するにつれ、警察官が行使する法と秩序は社会統制を強めていく。そうしたなか侠客は、これまで通り伝統なギャングを続ける者と、法的な秩序を全面的に支持するビジネスマンと、アンダーグラウンドの秩序に生きる反抗者に分かれ、警察官の目の届くところでは、法的な言語を用いて合法的なビジネスを行いつつ、法と秩序の管轄の外では、アンダーグラウンドの秩序を維持する。そこには、ミシェル・ド・セルトーの言う「弱者の戦略」の機微が見られる。本映画シリーズは香港返還の直前にブレークした。「地下」、すなわち、新しい秩序が届かない場所とは、当時の香港人にとっての社会生活の暗喩となっていると考えられる。

著者

Sho KUWAJIMA

出版者

Center for Global Initiatives, Osaka University

雑誌

アジア太平洋論叢 (ISSN:13466224)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, pp.87-109, 2021-03-19 (Released:2021-03-19)

著者

Shiro Momoki Takeuchi Kazuhiro

出版者

Center for Global Initiatives, Osaka University

雑誌

アジア太平洋論叢 (ISSN:13466224)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, pp.22-24, 2020-03-21 (Released:2020-03-21)

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This is an introduction to the special issue on university-level history education in Japan and the world, including the papers which were originally presented at the international symposium, Globalizing University History Education: Diversity, Trans-borders, and Intersectionality, held in Osaka in August 2019. After the symposium, the organizing committee selected six papers, representing major outcomes of the discussions, for publication in the Bulletin of Asia-Pacific Studies. It appears to be time to discuss university education, in which humanities and foreign/area/regional studies are required to cope with various issues including historical ones in the globalizing world. What kind of handling of history education is possible or impossible for us? In what way are universities working on the common issue of the world? We believe these six papers are the most successful ones in dealing with global issues through specific case studies.

著者

Shigeru Akita

出版者

Center for Global Initiatives, Osaka University

雑誌

アジア太平洋論叢 (ISSN:13466224)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, pp.25-41, 2020-03-21 (Released:2020-03-21)

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Osaka University is one of the key research universities in Japan, and the Graduate School of Letters (Humanities) has received research funds under ‘21st Century Center for Excellence’ and ‘Global Center for Excellence’ programs of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT). The Department of World History is the hub of global history studies in Japan as well as in Asia, and it hosted the First International Congress of the Asian Association of World Historians (AAWH) in May 2009. The Department is conducting four global history research projects: (1) Silk Road and Central Eurasian world history, (2) Maritime Asian history, (3) History of the Chinese Empire, and (4) World-System from Asian perspectives. The Asian History Section of the Department of World History at Osaka University has a longstanding tradition of archival research in a number of languages: Turkish, Mongol, Tibetan, Manchurian, and of course, Chinese, regarding ‘Inner’ Asia (now often called ‘Central Eurasia’). In the last two decades, the study of Asian Maritime history focusing on the East and South China Seas, and partly involving researchers from the Japanese History Major, has also gained importance. Under the influence of these two leading research groups, studies in Chinese and Japanese histories, which are dominant in the historical discipline in Japan besides ‘Western History’, have shifted their regional investigative focus away from the conventional ‘East Asia’ perspective (essentially China, Korea and Japan) and towards a broader and more flexible area of ‘Eastern Eurasia’ including maritime regions. As a result, polygonal collaborations among scholars working on Central Eurasia, China, Japan, and Maritime Asia (including Southeast Asia) are developing. Valuable methodological and analytical connections could be established between archival research and field surveys, and between perspectives on global relationships and the micro-analysis of local societies.

著者

Masaki Mukai

出版者

Center for Global Initiatives, Osaka University

雑誌

アジア太平洋論叢 (ISSN:13466224)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, pp.48-65, 2020-03-21 (Released:2020-03-21)

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The aim of this paper is to show how individual research can provide case studies for university-level global history courses (e.g., World History from Global Perspectives) based on the example of a recent field of historical study, Maritime Asian history. Inevitably, it discusses why research groups at Osaka University can assume the role of case study providers for university-level global history. Accordingly, this paper firstly describes the activities of unique research groups in recent years, with particular focus on Osaka University. The Research Group on Maritime Asian History (Kaiiki ajia shi kenkyukai, Kaiikiken) constitutes one of the most active branches of Handai shigaku (Historical Studies at Osaka University). They are well known for their early work in global history research and education in Japan (Minamizuka, 2009; Mukai, 2009). As I was a member of this research group and several projects related to Handai shigaku, this paper refers primarily to content-based contributions for the Global History program at Osaka University with additional references to contributions to projects at the University of Tokyo and Doshisha University that were of particular interest to me. A common theme in this paper relates to the current circumstances surrounding Japanese universities that have been encouraged to “globalize” their educational content. Essentially, most of them have been offering inflexible nationstate-oriented curricula that were too rigid to efficiently incorporate contemporary global issues. This concern goes beyond the pedagogy specialists in the education departments of national universities because the modernization of educational programs to include globalization is also crucial for the survival of the humanities and social science departments in research universities. The sharp decline of 18-year-olds in the population of Japan is likely to cause an existential crisis in universities as the raison d'être of humanities and social sciences departments has been seriously questioned by society. These programs are criticized for being ineffective for analyzing contemporaneous globalization themes and trends. How is this adaptation possible for researchers of historical studies who are also responsible for education in their universities? To answer this question, I chose the topic of the “historical diaspora in Maritime Asia.” As my principal research field, it concerns the history of the Muslim diaspora in pre-modern Maritime Asia.

著者

Jun Iwai

出版者

Center for Global Initiatives, Osaka University

雑誌

アジア太平洋論叢 (ISSN:13466224)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, pp.66-71, 2020-03-21 (Released:2020-03-21)

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The purpose of this paper is to introduce the current state of history education in local universities by referring to the case of Shizuoka University. In recent years, the study and value of the humanities have come under growing pressure and debate in Japan. Many Japanese universities face a decrease in the number of professors and research funds in the humanities, including history departments. In national universities, the number of professors of the humanities are rapidly decreasing compared with the number of professors of the natural sciences. This problem is more serious in local universities than large-scale research universities. In these difficult conditions, how did we deal with history education at our university? In this paper, I will focus on two points. First, I will examine the situation of local universities by referring to the case of Shizuoka University and present the process we took to reform undergraduate history education. However, there was a limit to how far the history curriculum could be reformed, as each year Shizuoka University faced a decrease in professors and research funds. Therefore, secondly, I discuss how we set up a new society of history education, which was supported by other faculty members and high school teachers. The Society of History Education in Shizuoka (静岡歴史教育研究会) was established in 2010. I will consider the role played by the Society in bridging history research and history education, combining the efforts of high schools and Shizuoka University, and integrating Japanese History and World History into society.

著者

Kazuhiro Takeuchi

出版者

Center for Global Initiatives, Osaka University

雑誌

アジア太平洋論叢 (ISSN:13466224)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, pp.72-79, 2020-03-21 (Released:2020-03-21)

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When entering the center of Athens, we first see the Hellenic Parliament once served as the palace of Kings Otto and George I. Then, along Panepistimiou Street, there are many historical buildings: Numismatic Museum (housed in the mansion of Heinrich Schliemann), Archaeological Society at Athens, Bank of Greece, and ‘the Trilogy’ of neo-classical buildings including Academy of Athens, University of Athens, and National Library of Greece. Most of all, the University of Athens played a significant role in the modernization of Greece in terms of human resource development as well as symbolism in the capital landscape. Well, what kind of role is the University of Athens playing in history education in Greece of today? How is it placed in the European and global contexts? In this paper, I analyze some characteristics of history education at the University of Athens, with a particular focus on the context of archaeology in Greece. In what follows, after an overview of the university (1), I will illustrate briefly the undergraduate curriculum (2) and the additional postgraduate programs (3) at the Department of History and Archaeology in the School of Philosophy. Then, within the framework of history and archaeology education in Greece, the activities of foreign schools in Athens will be highlighted (4). Finally, I will draw attention to the current situation of archaeological research and teaching in Greece under the global financial crisis (5).

著者

Susanne Popp

出版者

Center for Global Initiatives, Osaka University

雑誌

アジア太平洋論叢 (ISSN:13466224)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, pp.80-86, 2020-03-21 (Released:2020-03-21)

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This article on history education at German universities does not offer a detailed analysis of its relevant structures, but only a very brief sketch (1). Instead, it places a special focus on the theoretical concepts of ‘historical consciousness’ and ‘historical culture’ (2). These concepts have not only played an important role for the education of future history teachers at German universities for thirty years, but has also gained considerable prominence in cultural studies-oriented historical research and teaching in Germany (‘cultural turn’). In addition, it shows a rather close connection to the newly established master’s programmes in ‘public history’ (3), which have been expanding history education at German universities for a number of years and are still on the rise.

著者

Takeuchi Kazuhiro

出版者

Center for Global Initiatives, Osaka University

雑誌

アジア太平洋論叢 (ISSN:13466224)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, pp.21, 2020-03-21 (Released:2020-03-21)