- 著者
- Matsuda Yoichi Nishida-Umehara Chizuko Tarui Hiroshi Kuroiwa Asato Yamada Kazuhiko Isobe Taku Ando Junko Fujiwara Atushi Hirao Yukako Nishimura Osamu Ishijima Junko Hayashi Akiko Saito Toshiyuki Murakami Takahiro Murakami Yasunori Kuratani Shigeru Agata Kiyokazu
- 出版者
- Springer Netherlands
- 雑誌
- Chromosome Research (ISSN:09673849)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.13, no.6, pp.601-615, 2005-08
- 被引用文献数
- 97
The karyotypes of birds, turtles and snakes are characterized by two distinct chromosomal components, macrochromosomes and microchromosomes. This close karyological relationship between birds and reptiles has long been a topic of speculation among cytogeneticists and evolutionary biologists; however, there is scarcely any evidence for orthology at the molecular level. To define the conserved chromosome synteny among humans, chickens and reptiles and the process of genome evolution in the amniotes, we constructed comparative cytogenetic maps of the Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis) and the Japanese four-striped rat snake (Elaphe quadrivirgata) using cDNA clones of reptile functional genes. Homology between the turtle and chicken chromosomes is highly conserved, with the six largest chromosomes being almost equivalent to each other. On the other hand, homology to chicken chromosomes is lower in the snake than in the turtle. Turtle chromosome 6q and snake chromosome 2p represent conserved synteny with the chicken Z chromosome. These results suggest that the avian and turtle genomes have been well conserved during the evolution of the Arcosauria. The avian and snake sex Z chromosomes were derived from different autosomes in a common ancestor, indicating that the causative genes of sex determination may be different between birds and snakes.
- 著者
- Matsuda Yoichi Nishida-Umehara Chizuko Tarui Hiroshi Kuroiwa Asato Yamada Kazuhiko Isobe Taku Ando Junko Fujiwara Atushi Hirao Yukako Nishimura Osamu Ishijima Junko Hayashi Akiko Saito Toshiyuki Murakami Takahiro Murakami Yasunori Kuratani Shigeru Agata Kiyokazu
- 出版者
- Springer Netherlands
- 雑誌
- Chromosome Research (ISSN:09673849)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.13, no.6, pp.601-615, 2005-08
- 被引用文献数
- 1
- 著者
- Ohgai Takeshi Gravier Laurent Hoffer Xavier Ansermet Jean-Philippe
- 出版者
- Springer Netherlands
- 雑誌
- Journal of Applied Electrochemistry (ISSN:0021891X)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.35, no.5, pp.479-485, 2005-05
- 被引用文献数
- 27
Cylindrical nano-pores of an anodized aluminum oxide layer on the surface of bulk aluminum were used as templates for the electrochemical growth of semiconductor and magnetic nanowires. The electrodeposition of CdTe and NiFe was investigated to determine the optimum conditions for each nanowire growth over a wide range of cathode potentials. The desired composition of Cd50Te50 and Ni80Fe20 was achieved by controlling the cathode potential during electrodeposition. Temperature dependences of resistance for CdTe nanowires confirmed the semiconductor character with amorphous behavior at low temperature, while those of NiFe nanowires showed metallic character. The anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) of NiFe nanowires reached 1.9% at 300 K.
- 著者
- Fujita Takahiko Miura Ryozo
- 出版者
- Springer Netherlands
- 雑誌
- Asia Pacific Financial Markets (ISSN:13872834)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.9, no.2, pp.141-151, 2002-06
- 被引用文献数
- 11
In this paper, we will give a new framework of barrier options to generalize 'Parisian Option' and 'Delayed Barrier Option'. Take a stopping time τ as the caution time. When τ occurs, derivatives are given 'Caution'. After τ , if K.O. time σ = σ(τ ) occurs, derivative contracts vanish. We simply say that first 'Caution' second 'K.O.'. Using this framework, designs of barrier options become more flexible than before and new risk management will be possible. New barrier options in this category are called Edokko Options or Tokyo Options.