- 著者
- Yoshinori FURUKAWA Etsuro YOKOYAMA Izumi YOSHIZAK Haruka TAMARU Taro SHIMAOKA Takehiko SONE
- 出版者
- The Japan Society of Microgravity Application
- 雑誌
- International Journal of Microgravity Science and Application (ISSN:21889783)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.31, no.3, pp.93, 2014-07-31 (Released:2020-05-14)
- 参考文献数
- 23
- 被引用文献数
- 1
Microgravity experiments for ice crystal growth were conducted twice in the Japan Experiment Module “Kibo” of the International Space Station. Experimental cartridges newly developed for each experiment were transported to the space station and installed in the SCOF facility. All of the experiments were possibly could be performed by using a tele-control system on the ground. Crystal patterns during free growth of ice crystals in supercooled water were observed by using specially designed interference microscopes. Experiments were carried out for ice crystal growth in supercooled pure water (D2O) and in a supercooled solution (H2O) of antifreeze glycoprotein. Based on analysis of moving images, the pattern formation mechanism of ice dendrites in pure water and the fluctuation mechanism of growth rates in protein solution are discussed.
- 著者
- Hiroyuki MIYAJIMA
- 出版者
- The Japan Society of Microgravity Application
- 雑誌
- International Journal of Microgravity Science and Application (ISSN:21889783)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.37, no.3, pp.370304, 2020 (Released:2020-07-31)
- 参考文献数
- 15
The primary factors to be considered for a life support system design for long-term space habitation are mission location, mission duration, and crew size. When taking into account transportation costs and supply difficulty, a regenerative life support system and an in situ resource utilization (ISRU) system are the most important systems for long-term habitation in space and on planets. Equivalent System Mass (ESM) has been used for regenerative life support system trade studies considering biomass production (food), in other words, the degree of recycling suitable for long term missions, such as lunar and Mars missions, by NASA over the past 20 years. Therefore, we have developed a trade study tool for designing a regenerative life support system to be able to compare different systems. In this paper, a lunar farm design for six crewmembers was introduced to conduct a life support trade study on an open system, a semi-closed system, and a closed system that were designed with the tool; it indicated that it takes more than 10 years to achieve a lower cost closed system, compared to a semi-closed system.
- 著者
- Yoshinori FURUKAWA Ken NAGASHIMA Etsuro YOKOYAMA Shunichi NAKATSUBO Salvador ZEPEDA Izumi YOSHIZAKI Haruka TAMARU Taro SHIMAOKA Takehiko SONE Takao MAKI Asuka YAMAMOTO Toshiyuki TOMOBE Ken-ichiro MURATA Gen SAZAKI
- 出版者
- The Japan Society of Microgravity Application
- 雑誌
- International Journal of Microgravity Science and Application (ISSN:21889783)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.38, no.1, pp.380101, 2021 (Released:2021-01-31)
- 参考文献数
- 53
Microgravity experiments on ice crystal growth in supercooled water without any effect of convection flow were carried out twice in Kibo of the International Space Station as projects called “Ice Crystal 1” and “Ice Crystal 2”. Many video movies recording the growth process of a single ice crystal were analyzed to clarify the pattern formation processes of single ice crystals and the impurity effect on ice crystal growth kinetics. In the Ice Crystal 1 project, ice crystals were grown in supercooled pure D2O and the pattern formation mechanism for the ice crystal was clarified on the basis of crystal plane-dependent growth kinetics between the basal face and the other crystallographic faces. In the Ice Crystal 2 project, ice crystals were grown in supercooled H2O containing a small amount of an antifreeze glycoprotein as an impurity. Growth enhancement and oscillation for the basal faces were observed for the first time, and their mechanisms were clarified on the basis of the crystal plane-dependent impurity effect of an antifreeze glycoprotein. The origin of the antifreeze function of antifreeze glycoproteins was ultimately explained in connection with the basic criterion for the pattern formation of a polyhedral crystal.