著者

木下 恭一 荒井 康智 稲富 裕光 塚田 隆夫

出版者

日本マイクログラビティ応用学会

雑誌

International Journal of Microgravity Science and Application (ISSN:21889783)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.1, pp.340113, 2017-01-31 (Released:2020-05-14)

参考文献数

25

---

Total of four SiGe crystal growth experiments by the traveling liquidus-zone (TLZ) method have successfully been performed aboard the “Kibo” in 2013 and 2014. Results show that the TLZ method is a powerful method for growing compositionally uniform mixed crystals. On the ground, convection in a melt stops crystal growth and long crystals are difficult to be grown, while in microgravity long and large homogeneous crystals are grown in the diffusion limited regime. Step temperature change by 1 ℃ during crystal growth resulted in interface marking and growth rates in the axial and radial directions were measured precisely. Growth conditions for achieving radial uniformity were obtained. Growth instability at the initial stage was made clear, which was observed in microgravity for the first time. It is shown that convection in a melt has a merit of avoiding such instability.

著者

Yoshinori FURUKAWA Etsuro YOKOYAMA Izumi YOSHIZAK Haruka TAMARU Taro SHIMAOKA Takehiko SONE

出版者

The Japan Society of Microgravity Application

雑誌

International Journal of Microgravity Science and Application (ISSN:21889783)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.3, pp.93, 2014-07-31 (Released:2020-05-14)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

1

---

Microgravity experiments for ice crystal growth were conducted twice in the Japan Experiment Module “Kibo” of the International Space Station. Experimental cartridges newly developed for each experiment were transported to the space station and installed in the SCOF facility. All of the experiments were possibly could be performed by using a tele-control system on the ground. Crystal patterns during free growth of ice crystals in supercooled water were observed by using specially designed interference microscopes. Experiments were carried out for ice crystal growth in supercooled pure water (D2O) and in a supercooled solution (H2O) of antifreeze glycoprotein. Based on analysis of moving images, the pattern formation mechanism of ice dendrites in pure water and the fluctuation mechanism of growth rates in protein solution are discussed.

著者

正木 匡彦

出版者

日本マイクログラビティ応用学会

雑誌

International Journal of Microgravity Science and Application (ISSN:21889783)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.4, pp.350405, 2019 (Released:2019-12-18)

---

A high power laser, such as CO2 or LD, is necessary for the sample heating in the container less processing. The high power laser is expensive generally, therefore that interrupt the spread of the container less processing of high temperature condition. Recently, a glass tube CO2 laser is provided, which is used as a heat source of computer controlled laser cutter. The glass tube CO2 laser is quite inexpensive, however we can hardly find the information of how to use it. Then, I actually bought the CO2 laser whose maximum output is 100 watt and try to set up it by myself with trial and error for testing the performance. I describe a way to the setup and the result of the first emission of this laser.

著者

景山 大郎

出版者

日本マイクログラビティ応用学会

雑誌

International Journal of Microgravity Science and Application (ISSN:21889783)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.2, pp.45, 2014-04-30 (Released:2020-05-14)

著者

遠藤 雅人 竹内 俊郎

出版者

日本マイクログラビティ応用学会

雑誌

International Journal of Microgravity Science and Application (ISSN:21889783)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.2, pp.111, 2013-04-30 (Released:2020-05-14)

参考文献数

26

---

Artificial fish production is one of the important food supply system in the world. On the other hand, aquaculture has been a pollutant source of natural water environment in no small part. This explanation introduces closed recirculating fish culture system which is expected to develop the aquaculture technology and improve economy further. The system has a lot of advantages including environmental conservation and food safety compared with other aquaculture systems. Furthermore closed ecological recirculating aquaculture system using artificial food chains is explained for the futural situation of aquaculture in space as the derivative technology with our accumulated knowledge on the management of the artificial food chain, rearing systems and postural control mechanism of aquatic animals under various gravity environments. Finally, the direction of future perspective for aquaculture function, technology and economics is discussed from the aspect of eco-engineering.

著者

Hiroyuki MIYAJIMA

出版者

The Japan Society of Microgravity Application

雑誌

International Journal of Microgravity Science and Application (ISSN:21889783)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.3, pp.370304, 2020 (Released:2020-07-31)

参考文献数

15

---

The primary factors to be considered for a life support system design for long-term space habitation are mission location, mission duration, and crew size. When taking into account transportation costs and supply difficulty, a regenerative life support system and an in situ resource utilization (ISRU) system are the most important systems for long-term habitation in space and on planets. Equivalent System Mass (ESM) has been used for regenerative life support system trade studies considering biomass production (food), in other words, the degree of recycling suitable for long term missions, such as lunar and Mars missions, by NASA over the past 20 years. Therefore, we have developed a trade study tool for designing a regenerative life support system to be able to compare different systems. In this paper, a lunar farm design for six crewmembers was introduced to conduct a life support trade study on an open system, a semi-closed system, and a closed system that were designed with the tool; it indicated that it takes more than 10 years to achieve a lower cost closed system, compared to a semi-closed system.

著者

Yoshinori FURUKAWA Ken NAGASHIMA Etsuro YOKOYAMA Shunichi NAKATSUBO Salvador ZEPEDA Izumi YOSHIZAKI Haruka TAMARU Taro SHIMAOKA Takehiko SONE Takao MAKI Asuka YAMAMOTO Toshiyuki TOMOBE Ken-ichiro MURATA Gen SAZAKI

出版者

The Japan Society of Microgravity Application

雑誌

International Journal of Microgravity Science and Application (ISSN:21889783)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.1, pp.380101, 2021 (Released:2021-01-31)

参考文献数

53

---

Microgravity experiments on ice crystal growth in supercooled water without any effect of convection flow were carried out twice in Kibo of the International Space Station as projects called “Ice Crystal 1” and “Ice Crystal 2”. Many video movies recording the growth process of a single ice crystal were analyzed to clarify the pattern formation processes of single ice crystals and the impurity effect on ice crystal growth kinetics. In the Ice Crystal 1 project, ice crystals were grown in supercooled pure D2O and the pattern formation mechanism for the ice crystal was clarified on the basis of crystal plane-dependent growth kinetics between the basal face and the other crystallographic faces. In the Ice Crystal 2 project, ice crystals were grown in supercooled H2O containing a small amount of an antifreeze glycoprotein as an impurity. Growth enhancement and oscillation for the basal faces were observed for the first time, and their mechanisms were clarified on the basis of the crystal plane-dependent impurity effect of an antifreeze glycoprotein. The origin of the antifreeze function of antifreeze glycoproteins was ultimately explained in connection with the basic criterion for the pattern formation of a polyhedral crystal.

著者

夏井坂 誠

出版者

日本マイクログラビティ応用学会

雑誌

International Journal of Microgravity Science and Application (ISSN:21889783)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.1, pp.64, 2013-01-31 (Released:2020-05-14)

---

The lecture introduces how to make a microcomputer-controlled, electronic device for a beginner. A series of lectures provides not only how to measure a physical property with an electronic sensor, convert it to a digit (analog digital conversion), switch on and off an electronic circuit with FET (Field Effect Transistor), and control those with a microcomputer but also practical know-how to design an actual electronic circuit, choose appropriate electronic parts, and mount those to a PCB (printed-circuit board), with explaining how to make “an acceleration switch”. The switch can automatically turn on and off a connected device according to an acceleration level measured with an acceleration sensor and contribute to parabolic flight experiments through size reduction of an apparatus, less operation, and precise control of the experiments.

著者

夏井坂 誠

出版者

日本マイクログラビティ応用学会

雑誌

International Journal of Microgravity Science and Application (ISSN:21889783)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.2, pp.120, 2013-04-30 (Released:2020-05-14)

参考文献数

3

---

The lecture introduces how to make a microcomputer-controlled, electronic device for a beginner. A series of lectures provides not only how to measure a physical property with an electronic sensor, convert it to a digit (analog digital conversion), switch on and off an electronic circuit with FET (Field Effect Transistor), and control those with a microcomputer but also practical know-how to design an actual electronic circuit, choose appropriate electronic parts, and mount those to a PCB (printed-circuit board), with explaining how to make “an acceleration switch”. The switch can automatically turn on and off a connected device according to an acceleration level measured with an acceleration sensor and contribute to parabolic flight experiments through size reduction of an apparatus, less operation, and precise control of the experiments.

著者

夏井坂 誠

出版者

日本マイクログラビティ応用学会

雑誌

International Journal of Microgravity Science and Application (ISSN:21889783)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.4, pp.182, 2013-10-31 (Released:2020-05-14)

参考文献数

3

---

The lecture introduces how to make a microcomputer-controlled, electronic device for a beginner. A series of lectures provides not only how to measure a physical property with an electronic sensor, convert it to a digit (analog digital conversion), switch on and off an electronic circuit with FET (Field Effect Transistor), and control those with a microcomputer but also practical know-how to design an actual electronic circuit, choose appropriate electronic parts, and mount those to a PCB (printed-circuit board), with explaining how to make “an acceleration switch”. The switch can automatically turn on and off a connected device according to an acceleration level measured with an acceleration sensor and contribute to parabolic flight experiments through size reduction of an apparatus, less operation, and precise control of the experiments.

著者

夏井坂 誠

出版者

日本マイクログラビティ応用学会

雑誌

International Journal of Microgravity Science and Application (ISSN:21889783)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.3, pp.152, 2013-07-31 (Released:2020-05-14)

参考文献数

5

---

The lecture introduces how to make a microcomputer-controlled, electronic device for a beginner. A series of lectures provides not only how to measure a physical property with an electronic sensor, convert it to a digit (analog digital conversion), switch on and off an electronic circuit with FET (Field Effect Transistor), and control those with a microcomputer but also practical know-how to design an actual electronic circuit, choose appropriate electronic parts, and mount those to a PCB (printed-circuit board), with explaining how to make “an acceleration switch”. The switch can automatically turn on and off a connected device according to an acceleration level measured with an acceleration sensor and contribute to parabolic flight experiments through size reduction of an apparatus, less operation, and precise control of the experiments.

著者

新井 真由美

出版者

日本マイクログラビティ応用学会

雑誌

International Journal of Microgravity Science and Application (ISSN:21889783)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.2, pp.105, 2013-04-30 (Released:2020-05-14)

参考文献数

18

---

Caves and lava tubes have been discovered at several areas based on remote sensing data and orbital imagery. Caves and other underground spaces moderate extreme temperatures - cooler in daytime and warmer at night. Early man used such spaces for habitation in areas with extreme climates for millennia. The assumption about these same structures on Mars would be the same; for moderating extreme temperatures, as well as possibly offering protection from space radiation and even Martian dust. Based on underground residences on Earth, I do consider that possibilities exist for underground habitation or even balanced-environmental habitation on Mars. In this study, I focus attention on the terrestrial cyanobacterium “Nostoc sp. HK-01”. I discuss what we need to know and how the function of Nostoc sp. can be used in Mars habitation.

著者

高橋 昭久 日出間 純 保田 浩志

出版者

日本マイクログラビティ応用学会

雑誌

International Journal of Microgravity Science and Application (ISSN:21889783)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.2, pp.340203, 2017 (Released:2019-12-25)

参考文献数

41

---

Space radiation is one of the major hazards for human health in space. Space radiation consists of various kinds of radiation including high energy heavy (HZE) ions; these complex radiation fields cannot be produced on the ground. In the International Space Station (ISS), exposure doses are approximately 200 times higher than on the Earth’s surface. On the Moon and Mars, the radiation level is high, due to HZE ions. While the ISS is in free fall, the Moon has 1/6, Mars 1/3 of Earth's gravity. Many aspects of the biological effect of the combination of the lower gravity environment and space radiation remain unclear. But the future mission is now being planned to go to the Moon and Mars. It is necessary to clarify the problem of biological effect and physical dosimetry and then to resolve them as soon as possible. With this thought, here we try to present a scenario of space radiation research for next decades.

著者

木部 勢至朗

出版者

日本マイクログラビティ応用学会

雑誌

International Journal of Microgravity Science and Application (ISSN:21889783)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.2, pp.340204, 2017-04-30 (Released:2019-12-25)

参考文献数

2

---

On the occasion of launching the Science Union of Human Planetary Habitation on Space, this document is intended to introduce related activities and possible contributions of the Society of Eco-Engineering. Having started its activity as a small research group on the Closed Ecological Life Support System(CELSS), the life support in space has been one of the main research topics in the society. Recently the society published “Handbook on CELSS and Eco-Engineering” to comemorate its 30th aniversary, which covers the space life support related issues as well as other important Eco-Engineering ones. In addition, it is going to organize several in-house groups on specific topics such as Life Support Technology in Space, Aquaponics, Biomass Utilization, etc. and some of which are expected to work as a counter part for close communication and collaboration with the union.