著者

新城 常三

出版者

社会経済史学会

雑誌

社會經濟史學 (ISSN:00380113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.4, pp.463-491, 614, 1988-12-25

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The customs which increased gradually in their numbers after the middle of Kamakura period, were all abolished by the emperor Godaigo. But after the collapse of Kenmu government, customs were restored quickly again by the Northern Court. Moreover, the Shogunate set up more customs than had been, and planned the extension of its power by contributing the money from customs to the shrines and temples. The Southern Court whose economic base was very weak, set up also customs again within their power. Taking advantage of wars, the warrior of Shugo (lord of land) and Jito (steward of manor) also set up customs as many as they wanted to have in their territories. Even the Shogunate leadership to control the bad influences of customs to the utmost could not restrict those which maneged by warriors or the Southern Court, and as a result, serious traffic obstructions at the custom areas were caused. After the unification of the Southern and Northern Courts, the customs in the former were naturally abolished and the Shogunate power at its height made active policy to restrict new customs and tried to abolish the established customs. Therefore, customs were decreased and the barriers to traffic obstuctions were lowered.