著者

鈴木 博雄

出版者

横浜国立大学

雑誌

横浜国立大学教育紀要 (ISSN:05135656)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, pp.23-51, 1963-11-15

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In the above thesis the author has investigated the methods by which samurai were educated in the feudal period, with especial reference to educational reform in the Kansei era (1787~1798), a time when the education carried out by 'Hanko', clan conducted schools, was playing an important role in making samurai into feudalistic bureaucrats. In the feudal period, the samurai, whose job was mainly that of a soldier, came to become gradually more involved in the duties of official administration due mainly to the fact the country was in a state of peace and his servies as a fighter were unnecessary. In the beginning of the feudal period the structure of the government was very simple but as it and it's accompanying feudal bureaucracy became more complicated so there acrose the need for samurai able to read and write rather than fight. In order to meet this need the 'Hanko' were developed. In the first chapter the author inquired into the political ideas of Matsudaira Sada-nobu, the man in charge of political reform. The purpose of his reform lay in the training of feudal bureaucrats. His image of them was essentially feudal in that he required them to be persons of great integrity especially obedient to their feudal lord. on the other hand, like modern bureaucrats, they had to be skilled in administration. In the second chapter the author comments on the rules and plans of studies which were part of the reform, such as 'Gakumon Ginmi', (Intellectual examinations in the upper classes) and 'Sodoku Ginmi', (Intellectual examinations in the lower classes), and the construction of government schools. In the last chapter the author discusses how the contradiction of feudal and modern ideas caused the failure of overall education as far as feudal bureaucrats were concerned and the educational reforms which were actually put into practice.