著者

小野 展嗣

出版者

国立科学博物館

雑誌

国立科学博物館専報 (ISSN:00824755)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, pp.407-418, 2006

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Spider specimens of about 1,750 in all were obtained during faunal researches in the Imperial Palace of Japan, which covers an area of 1,150,000 square meters in the center of Tokyo, in the period of 2001-2005. The spiders were collected from the gardens and around moats by sweeping and beating vegetations and sifting soil litter as well as by collecting with hands. A hundred and seventeen species were determined based on this material, including twenty species newly recorded to the fauna of the Imperial Palace. At the present 165 species of spiders are known in the Palace. The number of species reveals that the gardens fill an important role in a green tract of urban area in the center of Tokyo. However, results of an analysis on the species composition show that most of the species found are tough under urban environments by nature and can move well and migrate by ballooning. The fauna in the green tract of Tokyo generally resembles those in coastal areas of Kanto District and in the volcanic islands of Izu-Shichito in the common-species rate more than 70%. Species of larger linyphiids, scare theridiids and araneids, thomisids and salticids living on low vegetation, large spiders as Argiope amoena which require restricted prey insects, and lower active species in ballooning as coelotine spiders and Sinopoda forcipata are lacking in the Palace gardens. A plan to make special biotope to revive a rich fauna and species diversity with those spiders is proposed for the future horticulture and gardening in the Imperial Palace Gardens.