著者

天貝 義教

出版者

美学会

雑誌

美學 (ISSN:05200962)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.1, pp.85-96, 2012-06-30

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In this paper I investigate the concepts of industrial design expressed by the Japanese term Kogyo-teki Isho which appeared in the Design Act of 1909, by focusing on the ideas of two representative industrial design educators Hirayama Eizo and Matsuoka Hisashi in the transition from the Meiji era to the Taisho era. In his articles published in the 1900s, Hirayama pointed out that by designing ornamentation, which was developed by the addition of elements derived from every part of the natural world, the industrial designer should elevate the aesthetic value of industrial products without interfering with their usefulness. In his articles published in the 1910s, criticizing Japanese designers for copying historical and Western style design, Matsuoka stressed that the industrial designer should display his own originality in designing industrial products for daily use, and defined that the aim of industrial design was to beautify all industrial products including daily necessities, common machines and the ditch covers. Their ideas on industrial design showed changes from the early idea of applying art to industry to the new idea of beautifying all industrial products for daily use, on which the establishment of a new institution for industrial design education was based.