著者

露口 健司

出版者

日本教育行政学会

雑誌

日本教育行政学会年報 (ISSN:09198393)

巻号頁・発行日

no.35, pp.165-181, 2009-10-16

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The purpose of this study is to clarify the determinant factors of the parent segment in public elementary schools from the viewpoints of the interaction of the school, family efficacy, and community efficacy. The concept of "segment" is used in marketing research to mean a qualitative group divided by some standard or meaning. To be concrete, we would like to verify the hypothesis in this paper that the parents who trust schools increase in number by forming multilevel psychological networks : school staff and parents, parent and parent in the family, parent and parent in the school, and parent and community members. The inquiry here has as its objects the parents of six elementary schools (A to F Elementary Schools) in X Prefecture in Japan. School choice as a system has not been introduced to this district. A Elementary School and B Elementary School are large-scale schools located in newly-developed residential areas in the suburbs of the city. C Elementary School and D Elementary School are middle-scale schools located in a suburban area. E Elementary School and F Elementary School are small-scale schools located in a rural region. The 1,859 parents of these six schools are the objects of inquiry. The research was carried out in February 2008. Answers were received from 1,563 parents, for a return rate of 84.1%. We distributed one questionnaire per household. The questionnaires were collected through the classroom teacher after being sealed. We told parents to send a reply concerning their child who was in the upper grades. The present paper only targets thosee questionnaires to which "mothers" replied for analysis (n=1,433). The results of the analysis are as follows. Cluster analysis was performed where five standard variables (intimacy, participation, cooperation, attachment, and expectation) were aggregated in an analysis of the parental segment. Four segments (adaptation, conflict, dependence, and avoidance) were separated out as a result of the analysis. Polynominal logistical regression analysis of what drove these four segments together into an explanatory variable was carried out. Explanatory variables included the parents' attribution factors (such as age, residence years, working form, spouse, and home economics), the interaction with school, family efficacy, and commumity efficacy. Working form, spouse, interaction with the school, and community efficacy were recognized as crucial determinants of the parental segment as a result of the analysis. What especially stood out from the results is that the characteristics of the crucial determinant of the parental segment are mother's "time" and "isolation" problems. This paper will discuss these findings in depth.