著者

縄倉 晶雄

出版者

北東アジア学会

雑誌

北東アジア地域研究 (ISSN:1882692X)

巻号頁・発行日

no.19, pp.21-34, 2013-06-30

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Though there have been many studies on Saemaul Undong, a government-led campaign on rural development in 1970s' Korea, almost of them have focused on its economic. Meanwhile, few studies have argued the social changes of the rural areas under Saemaul Undong. In addition, studies which focus on rural policies in the 1970s Korea other than Saemaul Undong have also been rare. This study reviews how Saemaul Undong and the rural financial policies in 1970s Korea worked on the country's informal rural finance based on local communities. The official discourses of Saemaul Undong insisted the empowerment of local communities in rural areas. If it was implemented correctly by the government, seen from the perspective of the framework of social capital, the rural residents' interests gained from their communities are thought to be increased. However, this study reveals that the rural residents' financial interests from their local communities were decreased by the policies. Though the rural residents had accessed the opportunities of moneymaking through their local communities until the beginning of Saemaul Undong and rural financial policies related to it in 1970, the policies decreased the opportunities through the reduction of financial interest rate implemented in the name of 'financial modernization.