著者

市村 導人

出版者

日本農業史学会

雑誌

農業史研究 (ISSN:13475614)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, pp.102-110, 2010

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The research related to fertilize in the Chinese agricultural history emphasized that shift from the self-sufficient fertilize to the purchase fertilize. But, the development of the farming technology of the Song and Yuan ages can't be evaluated with this point of view. Farming technology must establish increase in the purchase fertilizer at the stage of the self-sufficient fertilizer. In the self-sufficient fertilizer, a manufacture process is contained, or the establishment of the knowledge about effect of the fertilizer that it can be evaluated as a farming technology. The former, the Song and Yuan ages can't be presumed difference, because there has already been some "compost" since the sixth century. The latter, it is important to give combustion ashes of the organic matter and the lime. The use of "ashes" can be confirmed to the agricultural manual of Chen Fu 陳敷 NT and Wang Then 王禎 written in the Song and Yuan ages. By the use of "ashes", unlike shifting cultivation, the effect of the fertilizer could be controlled by mixing it with night soil. It thought with the imperfect farming technology by the usual research because it volatilizes nitrogen which is nutrient to mix night soil with "ashes". But, night soil contains table salt, and has the possibility to hurt a root. As a countermeasure, "Ashes" and night soil are mixed, and table salt is resolved. There is a problem by paying attention only to nutrition to analyze fertilize. After the Song and Yuan ages, it could confirm that the importance of "ashes" increased by the historical materials. The writer thinks that the Song and Yuan ages was the start time of such "ashes" use. When the fertilize level is evaluated from the farming technology, the Song and Yuan ages was one difference.