著者

相田 勇 羽鳥 徳太郎 村井 勇 広井 脩

出版者

東京大学地震研究所

雑誌

東京大学地震研究所彙報 (ISSN:00408972)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.2, pp.p235-265, 1984

被引用文献数

1

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1983年日本海中部地震の際に発令された津波警報に対する,新潟県村上市の自治体当局や住民の反応について,その実態の調査を行った.海岸地域の867世帯に対してアンケート調査を行った結果,53%がすぐにも津波がくると思ったと答えており,テレビなどの情報に注意したり,海を見にいくなど外の様子に注意した人は,ともに63%程度に達している.この段階で自主的に実際に避難したとする回答は,35件,5.4%あり,この地域では,地震があれば津波の用心をするという意識はかなり高い.この意識は,1964年新潟津波の被害程度に明らかな相関が認められた.津波警報は一般に高く信用されているが,来襲津波の程度の判断などは,自分自身の過去の経験にもとついている.また津波来襲は警報発令後40分以上経過していたにもかかわらず,その段階で警報を知らなかった人がほぼ20%程度あった.これは警報伝達の方法に問題を投げかけている.船舶の処置については,地震後,直ちに行っている率がかなり高く,小舟をおかに上げたもの41.4%,10~49トンの船で港外へ避難したもの26.7%である.警報が出ると更に多くなって,小舟のおかへ上げたもの52.4%,10~49トンの船で港外へ避難したもの58.3%となっている.このため漁船の被害は生じなかった.This is the research conducted at Murakami City in Niigata Prefecture to investi gate the social responses to the tsunami warning issued immediately after the 1983 Nihonkai-Chubu earthquake. We interviewed the officials of the local administrative organs and sent written questionnaires to 867 households in the seaside districts. We received replies from 75 percent of them. The results of the research are as given below. Owing to a false report in the course of disseminating the warning, the transmission through the administrative organs was delayed. But many people spontaneously took special care about the tsunami. More than half the people paid attention to the television broadcast, or carefully watched the state of the sea. And 5.4 percent of the people took refuge in some safe place. Such cautious behavior by the people is clearly correlated with the degree of damage which they suffered from the 1964 Niigata tsunami. The tsunami hit the Murakami seashore more than 40 minutes after the warning was issued. But even then 20 percent of the inhabitants did not know the warning had been issued. This means that it is necessary to establish and rearrange the warning dissemination system to the residents. There were two ways of dealing with ships when people heard the warning ; one was to leave the harbor, the other was to beach the ships. In this earthquake, most people managed to take care of their ships properly, although a number of pleasure-boats moored near the river bank were capsized.