- 著者
-
中牧 弘允
- 出版者
- 国立歴史民俗博物館
- 雑誌
- 国立歴史民俗博物館研究報告 (ISSN:02867400)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- no.49, pp.p349-379, 1993-03
日本の会社は社葬や物故社員の追悼儀礼をおこなうだけでなく、会社自体の墓をもっているところがある。このような墓は会社墓とか企業墓とよばれ、高野山と比叡山におおくみられる。本稿は高野山の会社墓一〇三、比叡山の会社墓二三をとりあげ、その基礎的なデータを提出するとともに、今後の課題を提示することを主な目的としている。会社墓には創業者の墓や物故従業員の供養塔がたてられている。本稿では、とくに物故従業員の供養塔に焦点をあて、その歴史をあとづけるとともに、名称や形態の分析をこころみている。さらに、関西に集中する会社や組合の地域的ひろがりや、その業種にも言及している。会社供養塔には建立誌が付随することがおおい。そうした建立誌を対象に、その趣旨を七項目に分類し、分析をおこなっている。その項目とは、①建立の契機、②会社発展(先人)に対する感謝、③先人の霊供養、④会社発展に対する祈願、⑤安全祈願、⑥顧客への感謝、⑦高野山や比叡山の賛美である。会社供養塔にかかわる物故者追悼儀礼については、コクヨと千代田生命の事例をとりあげ、若干の比較をこころみている。Some Japanese companies not only hold company funerals and memorial services for their deceased employees, they also have their own graves. These graves are called company graves or corporate graves, and many of them are constructed on Mt. Kōya or Mt. Hiei. This paper looks at 103 company graves on Mt. Kōya and 23 on Mt. Hiei, and aims mainly to provide basic data on them and to indicate future questions to be answered.In the company grave compound, are usually erected the graves of the founders and monuments for the repose of deceased employees' souls. In this paper, the author focuses mainly on the towers for the repose of deceased employees' souls, and attempts to trace their history and to analyze the names and forms they take. Furthermore, this paper also refers to the area where the companies or unions that constructed these monuments are located, which is mostly the Kansai District, together with their lines of business.Since notes on the erection of the monuments are often inscribed,the author has classified the motives for their construction into seven headings, and analyzed them. These headings are: ( 1 ) Momentum behind construction, ( 2 ) Gratitude for the expansion of the company (or to the predecessors), ( 3 ) Prayer for the repose of the predecessors' souls, ( 4 ) Prayer for the expansion of the company, ( 5 ) Prayer for safety in business, ( 6 ) Gratitude toward clients, and ( 6 ) Praise to Mt. Kōya or Mt. Hiei.Concerning memorial services for deceased employees connected with the memorial monuments set up by companies, the author takes up the examples of Kokuyo Co., Ltd. and Chiyoda Mutual Life Insurance Co., and attempts to make some comparison between them.