著者

鈴木 映里子

出版者

国立歴史民俗博物館

雑誌

国立歴史民俗博物館研究報告 = Bulletin of the National Museum of Japanese History (ISSN:02867400)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.115, pp.7-38, 2004-02-27

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本稿は原典史料の検討を中心とした史料論的考察である。千葉県東総地域を舞台に活動した農村指導者大原幽学、彼に関する研究はその多くが『幽学全書』『幽学全集』に依拠してなされてきた。しかしまたそのことが要因として事件発生時期の事実誤認や、読み違いがあることも指摘されてきている。刊行から半世紀を過ぎてなお、幽学研究に大きな影響を及ぼすこの「聖典」を、その収録著作類を点検することで、底本としての「全書」「全集」が刊行されてから抱える問題を僅かでも明らかにすることが本稿の目的である。これまで俎上に載せられることが稀であった「奉行所本」とよばれる稿本類が再発見された。関東取締出役の手先が、幽学の教導所である改心楼に押し入るという「牛渡村一件」が起こったのが嘉永五年四月、幽学と門人たちが銚子本城村で関東取締出役の吟味をうけた後、上部機関である勘定奉行所に差出になり、幽学が召喚されて出府したのが嘉永五年十月である。この召喚の際に証拠書類が提出された。判決が下った安政四年には返却され村に持ち帰られたと思われる。そしてそのうちの数点が特別にまとめて残され現在まで伝わってきたのである。幽学の門人たちをして、もっとも重要な書類と認識された自筆稿本、それが奉行所本である。つまり幽学の核をなす基礎資料ともいえるものである。『幽学全書』『幽学全集』にも収録されているこれら史料を、奉行所本九冊と現存する遺稿を含め、再度検討し現在の視点でその成り立ちを捉えなおしてみたいと思う。This paper is an examination of historical documents based predominantly on primary sources. Most research on the subject of OHARA Yugaku, an agrarian leader who was active in the Toso region of Chiba Prefecture, has been based on "Yugaku Zensho" and "Yugaku Zenshu," collections of his works. However, as has been pointed out, this has been a factor in misconceptions and misinterpretations concerning the true facts surrounding the time of Yugaku's capture by Edo authorities.The purpose of this paper is to shed even a little light on the problems faced since the publication of Yugaku's "Zensho" and "Zenshu" as source books by checking the works recorded in these "sacred books" that today, some 50 years after their publication, have a huge effect on research on Yugaku.The manuscripts referred to as the "Bugyosho-hon," that have over the years been taken up for discussion only rarely, have been rediscovered. The Ushiwata Village Incident, when agents of the Kanto authorities forced their way into Kaishinro, Yugaku's education center, occurred in April 1852, and after undergoing investigations by the Kanto authorities in Choshi Honjo village Yugaku and his disciples were sent to the magistrate's office, a higher authority. Then in October that same year Yugaku was summoned to the Edo capital. Evidential documents were submitted at the time of this summons. It is believed that Yugaku took these documents with him back to the village he returned to when the magistrate's decision was handed down in 1857. And it is a number of these documents that have been specially put together and handed down to the present day. The personal writings of Yugaku, which would have been recognized by Yugaku's disciples as most important documents, are collected in what is known as the Bugyosho-hon. In other words, they are fundamental materials that form the core of Yugaku's beliefs.Thus, the objective of this paper is to form a new understanding of the course of events surrounding Yugaku's capture by authorities from a present-day perspective through a re-examination of the nine volumes of the Bugyosho-hon, which are also recorded in Yugaku Zensho and Yugaku Zenshu, and extant papers and documents.