著者

野川 美穂子

出版者

国立歴史民俗博物館

雑誌

国立歴史民俗博物館研究報告 (ISSN:02867400)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.166, pp.189-210,図巻頭1p, 2011-03

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本稿は,平成20・21年度に行った紀州徳川家伝来楽器コレクション(国立歴史民俗博物館所蔵)の調査にもとづく報告である。紀州藩10代当主徳川治宝が蒐集した本コレクションの多くは雅楽器であるが,本稿では,楽箏,箏柱,箏爪を中心に述べる。国立歴史民俗博物館には,本コレクションとは別に5面の箏が所蔵され,このうち3面の調査も平成21年度に行った。これも本稿で報告する。したがって,本稿では,コレクションの箏5面([君が千歳][葉菊][武蔵野][紅雨][雲雁]),コレクションに含まれない箏3面([松風][山下水][箏(短胴)])の合計8面を対象とする。箏柱は,コレクションに含まれるもの12組,コレクションに含まれないもの1組(箏[松風]の付属品)の合計13組である。箏爪は7組の調査を行い,このうち6組がコレクションに属している。調査方法は,付属文書や目録類にもとづく伝来や由来の考察と楽器そのものの計測および観察である。楽器史研究の大きな壁の一つに伝来や由来に関する情報の少なさが上げられるが,本コレクションの場合には,楽器蒐集時に添えられた付属文書が豊富にある。加えて今回の調査では,ファイバースコープによる楽器内部の観察も行った。その結果,付属文書では知り得なかった焼印や墨書の存在が明らかになった。また,音響効果のために箏の内部に付けられるノミ目の状況,梁板を用いる内部の補強の方法なども明らかになった。調査した楽器の多くは江戸時代の製作と思われるが,一部は江戸時代をさかのぼる可能性をもつ。コレクション以外の楽器も含めると,俗箏として使われた楽器も含まれる。多くの事例を積み重ねて調査することが楽器史研究の基本であるという観点に立って,箏,箏柱,箏爪といった箏に関連する資料研究の一事例としての報告を行う。This article reports research on the musical instrument collection of the heirloom of the Kishu- Tokugawa Family (owned by the National Museum of Japanese History) conducted in 2008 and 2009. Many instruments of this collection compiled by Tokugawa Harutomi, the 10th feudal lord of the Kishu domain, are Gagaku instruments. In this article, mainly, Gakuso, Kotoji and Kotozume are described. Aside from this collection, five pieces of koto are owned by the National Museum of Japanese History, and research on three pieces of koto was conducted in 2009, which is also reported in this article. Therefore, this article describes a total of eight pieces of koto, that is, five pieces in the collection ([Kimi ga chitose][Hagiku][Musashino][Kouu][Kumokari]) and three pieces that are not included in the collection ([Matsukaze][Yamashitamizu][Koto (tando) ]) and a total of 13 sets of Kotoji, that is, 12 sets included in the collection and one set not included in the collection ( accessories of the koto[Matsukaze]) . For Kotozume, seven sets were researched. Among them, 6 sets are included in the collection. The research was conducted through the study of the tradition and history based on the accompanying documents and the catalogues and the measurement and observation of the instruments themselves. Musical instrument history research faces the obstacle of insufficient information about tradition and history. Concerning this collection, there are plenty of accompanying documents added at the time of collecting the musical instruments. In this research, the insides of the instruments were also observed with a fiberscope. As a result, the existence of burn marks and writing in sumi ink were revealed, which were not mentioned in the accompanying documents. Also, the state of chisel cuts which were made inside the koto for sound effects and the reinforcing method of the inside using a beam plate were clarified. Many of the musical instruments researched seem to have been made in the Edo Period, but there is a possibility that some of them were made before the Edo Period. Among all the musical instruments including the instruments not included in the collection, musical instruments used as Zokuso ( vulgar koto) are included. This example of the study of kotorelated materials about Koto, Kotoji and Kotozume will contribute to musical instrument history research, which requires many case examples.