著者

冨田 健司

出版者

九州大学大学院地球社会統合科学府

雑誌

地球社会統合科学研究 = Integrated sciences for global society studies

巻号頁・発行日

no.12, pp.27-43, 2020-02

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Since the beginning of the 2010s, we have seen a global rise of radical-right populism. In Europe, populists are trying to depict themselves as defenders of innocent people, especially those "who are left behind", against "corrupt political establishments", and provide "combination of sovereign nationstate identity and protectionist (or social-democratic model) economy" alternative against globalisation and European integration. In the UK, the United Kingdom Independence Party (UKIP) under Nigel Farage's leadership (2006-2009/2010-2016), had evolved into a party with this model from single-issue and Thatcherite-like party, and led public opinion into decision of" Brexit", Britain's leave from EU, in the June 2016 referendum. In this paper, I will try to challenge traditional conflicting explanations on UKIP as "Thatcherite" or "welfare-state chauvinism", and the umbrella term of "populism" when we are explaining this kind of phenomenon. In Section 3, I analyse UKIP's constitution, manifestos and some of Farage's remarks, including social media. In Section 4, by comparing this with UKIP's manifesto before Farage, can show how UKIP's nature was changed with analysis on surrounding domestic and European political factors. Section 5 will be about David Miller's liberal-nationalist concepts and Shoji's European Integration trilemma which itself was modelled after Dani Rodrik's globalisation paradox, and how UKIP under Farage could fit the "Democracy in One Country" model. Section 6, is about how Farage's model had attracted "people left behind" with supplementation of previous Takahashi's research on the rise of UKIP from political-sociological perspective. In the concluding part, Section 7, I am trying to provide some implications for how this model affected the decision of the Brexit referendum as well as its potential global effects.