- 著者
-
筒井 清輝
- 出版者
- 社会学研究会
- 雑誌
- ソシオロジ (ISSN:05841380)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.38, no.3, pp.63-81,181, 1994
The aim of this paper is to introduce a new framework for the study of nationalism and solve three major problems in this study:(1)Whether nationalism is based on primordial attachment or it is only a tool of mobilization for politico-economic interests, (2)Whether nationalism is a product of the modern industrial societies or its advent dates back to the early history of Man, (3)Whether nationalism has great cohesion in itself or it is essentially a dependent variable to be controlled.<br> First I re-define some of the central concepts in this study.1 use the term "ethnos" to refer to what is generally called "ethnic group" , the term "status" to state as a specific historical group, and the term "nation" to the complex form of ethnos and status.When these groups make political or social claims, they are called "ethnosism", " statusism" and "nationalism" respectively.<br> Then I apply this framework to the analysis of changes caused by modernization.Pre-modern societies had ethnos, nation and status, but they were not well organized and therefore could not make powerful movements.Modern society, however, made mass movements by the unit of ethnos, nation or status possible due to its new characteristics such as expansion of ethnos or increased power of status.These changes were caused mainly by spread of democracy in political sphere, pursuit of effectivness in economical sphere and rise in literacy and publish-capitalism in cultural sphere.<br> Due to these changes so-called nationalism emerged in modern society.But ethnosism and nationalism were not completely novel and, between pre-modern and modern form, similarity and continuity can be detectd.So it should be concluded that, while statusism emerged as a politico-economic tool for mobilization only in modern times and do not have great power, both ethnosism and nationalism, having continuity with what existed in the early stages, have primordial sentiments in its attenuated form, and theretore have the immense power of making people willing to die for them.