著者

太田 伸幸

出版者

中部大学現代教育学部

雑誌

現代教育学部紀要 (ISSN:18833802)

巻号頁・発行日

no.3, pp.55-65, 2011-03

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本研究では場面の効果について,個人間競争と集団間競争になる条件(形式条件),場面の競争性の強さを操作する条件(成績条件,試合条件)を設定し,競争的な場面における目標志向性について明らかにすることを目的とした.大学生229 名を対象に調査を実施し,パーソナリティから目標志向性に与える影響と場面の効果について検討した.競争性が強い場面において「負けず嫌い」が,競争性がそれほど強くない場面において「過競争心」が,それぞれ勝利志向に影響を与えていた.これは,勝ちたいという意識が強い者は,競争性がそれほど強くない場面でも勝利を志向しやすいことを意味する.また,個人間競争と集団間競争の比較では,試合条件との交互作用が認められた.これは,集団間競争では他の成員の能力やチームワークを考慮して集団の能力の認知が行われるためであると考えられる.最後の試合条件では優勝の可能性があるという情報があるため高く能力を評価し,目標志向性や勝利可能性に影響を与えたと考えられる.The purpose of this study is to set up conditions for competition between individuals and competition between groups (configurational conditions) and conditions for manipulating the strength of the competitiveness in the situation (performance conditions, game conditions) with regard to situational outcomes in order to clarify the goal orientations in competitive situations. Surveys were conducted on 229 undergraduates, and the impact that personality has on goal orientations and the situational outcomes were examined. In situations with a strong competitive nature a <never give up attitude< had an impact on the orientation toward winning, while <hypercompetitiveness< had the same impact in situations where there was not all that strong of a competitive nature. This means that people with a strong conscious desire to win tend to be oriented towards winning even in situations where there is not all that strong of a competitive nature. Furthermore, in the comparison of competition between individuals and competition between groups it was observed that there is a interaction with the game conditions. It is thought that this is because with competition between groups acknowledgements of a group's abilities are carried out in consideration of the abilities and teamwork of the other members. For the final game conditions, ability was highly appraised because there was the information that victory was possible, which is believed to have had an impact on the goal orientations and possibility of winning.