1 0 0 0 OA 一九九五年の外国経営史
1 0 0 0 OA 十九世紀フランスにおける企業者活動の諸特徴 -産業企業家の経営理念をめぐって-
- 著者
- 作道 潤
- 出版者
- 経営史学会
- 雑誌
- 経営史学 (ISSN:03869113)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.25, no.4, pp.29-58, 1991-01-30 (Released:2010-11-18)
French entrepreneurship has been hotly debated in earlier business history. Perhaps the reason is that the poor performance of French industrialists has been considered as one of major retardative factors of French economic growth. But recent studies on French economic and business growth challenged these conventional views. The performance of modern French economy is far more satisfactory than has generally been allowed. This article aims to reexamine the French entrepreneurship in the nineteenth century, mainly from two points of view. Firstly, investigating several cases of most successful firms, the positive role of family firm in French economic growth will be pointed out. The other major problems such as business ideology, paternalism and religion will be argued in this context. Secondly, regional differences in French entrepreneurship will be examined, based on the cases of five industrial centers (Alsace, Lorraine, Nord, Normandie, Lyon). In conclusion, the emphasis will be placed on the active role that dynamic entrepreneurs and enterprises had played in the evolution of French modern economy.
1 0 0 0 OA 十九世紀後半~第一次世界大戦期のフランス有機化学工業 -主要企業の具体的事例に即して-
- 著者
- 作道 潤
- 出版者
- 経営史学会
- 雑誌
- 経営史学 (ISSN:03869113)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.24, no.2, pp.1-32, 1989-07-30 (Released:2009-11-06)
This article aims to examine two principal aspects of France's organic chemical industry from the second half of the 19th century to World War I ; the first is the declining process of France's tar dye industry, and the second is the formation of French pharmaceutical industry during this period.As for the first point, two cases will be investigated. Firstly, the Saint-Denis Company had to abandon the fabrication of synthetic alizarins in the 1880s, mainly because of stiff competition with German companies. Secondly, the Usines du Rhône Company discovered a new synthetic process of indigos at the turn of the century, and succeeded in licencing its patents to Hœchst Co.. But the adventure of the Usines du Rhône was doomed to fail, mainly because of the poor performance of this company's top management.The case of the Usines du Rhône will also be useful for clarifying the second point. In spite of the failure in the field of tar dye industry, this company had successfully commercialized the synthetic pharmaceutical products such as salicylates, antipyrine and synthetic anesthic, as well as the synthetic perfume and the cellulose acetate just before World War I. In talking about the factors contributed to this development, emphasis will be placed on two points ; the renovation of the managerial system by the Société Générale Bank and this company's traditional eagerness to establish and maintain R & D laboratories, which were commonly held to has been little developed in France before World War I.
