著者

前川 知樹

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 日本歯周病学会

雑誌

日本歯周病学会会誌 (ISSN:03850110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.3, pp.97-104, 2021-09-30 (Released:2021-09-30)

参考文献数

27

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Developmental endothelial locus-1 (DEL-1) was identified as a biomolecule that regulates neutrophil migration through integrin receptors. Hajishengallis (University of Pennsylvania) and colleagues found that DEL-1 is highly expressed in periodontal tissues, and revealed that DEL-1 regulates alveolar bone resorption by suppressing excessive inflammation in periodontitis. DEL-1 is a 52-kDa protein with three epidermal growth factor (EGF) -like repeats at the N-terminus and two discoidin-like domains at the C-terminus. DEL-1 plays an important role in inflammation and the immune system by interacting with αv integrins, such as β2 integrins (e.g. αLβ2, αMβ2) and αvβ3, as well as phospholipids. We have shown that DEL-1 may not only be involved in neutrophil regulation, but also in bone regeneration, by inducing stem cell niches in hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow, to regulate osteoclasts and osteoblasts, promote efferocytosis, and also regulate mesenchymal stem cells. We are now exploring how DEL-1 is regulated in vivo and whether it can be applied clinically to benefit patients with periodontal disease and related disorders. Recently, studies on two distinct mucosal diseases, periodontitis and pneumonia, have revealed that DEL-1 decreases with aging and inflammation; the studies also provided insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of DEL-1 on bone metabolism-related cells and mesenchymal stem cells, as well as into factors regulating DEL-1 expression. In this article, we shall review the various functions of DEL-1 and its clinical applications from the viewpoints of immunity and bone metabolism.