著者

前川 道郎

出版者

一般社団法人日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文報告集 (ISSN:09108017)

巻号頁・発行日

no.359, pp.135-144, 1986-01-30

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I have carefully scrutinized literary works of the 12th and 13th century hilosophers-DIDASCALICON by Hugh of St. -Victor, DE ANIMAE EXSILIO ET PATRIA by Honorius of Autun, DE REDUCTIONE ARTlUM AD THEOLOGIAM by St. Bonaventure, and DE DIVISIONE PHILOSOPHIAE by Dominicus Gundissalinus-in view of the classification of philosophy, science or discipline, and the orientation of MECHANICA and ARCHITECTONICA therein. In Hugh's work, MECHANICA which includes ARCHITECTONICA and six other sciences, is classified as one of four main disciplines (three others are THEORICA, PRACTICA and LOGICA) which contain traditional seven liberal arts. On the other hand, Honorius considered MECHANICA as one of ten liberal arts, which means that MECHANICA is nothing but a discipline (Wissenschaft). Thus, from 12 th century on, which is the end of Romanesque Era and the dawn of Gothic, MECHANICA and ARCHITECTONICA recovered, it seems, the ancient Greek and Roman significance of RATIOCINATIO as compared with FABLICA. 13th century, which is a century of splendid Gothic cathedrals, is also a century of preeminent architect-mastermasons. They are sometimes compared to and with high clergies and scholastic masters, as were Pierre de Montreuil and Hugh Libergier done. The fact that Gothic architects are a sort of scholars who had mastered the discipline-science which is now called architecture, is ascertained by these works of eminent philosophers in the Middle Ages.

著者

前川 道郎

出版者

美学会

雑誌

美學 (ISSN:05200962)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.3, pp.1-13, 1981-12-31

被引用文献数

1

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O. von Simson characterized the form and idea of Gothic church architecture by two qualities, as "luminosity" and as "geometrical order". I have already discussed the first quality, and it is time to certify the second. In this treatise I have intended to clarify situation of geometry by Gothic architects. After discussing importance of geometrical order for architectural space in general, I have surveyed mediaeval geometry, reffering to treatises by L.R. Shelby, historian of technology. Then, after examining geometries of Villard de Honnecourt and Mathes Roriczer, as well as studying, as an example, history of drawing regular pentagon from Euclid to Durer, I have reconfirmed that geometry of Gothic architects was just what Shelby called constructive geometry distinguished from theoretical geometry and practical geometry both by geometer. Geometry of Gothic architects does not belong to theory as one of seven liberal arts, but to technique of building craft. It does not mean geometry has nothing to do with the art of architecture. Northern Gothic architects used to design their buildings according to some basic geometrical figures by forming plan, section and elevation in one system, as was shown in the minutes of Milan Cathedral in the 14th century.

著者

前川 道郎

出版者

一般社団法人日本建築学会

雑誌

建築雑誌 (ISSN:00038555)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.108, no.1343, 1993-06-20

著者

黒岩 俊介 前川 道郎

出版者

一般社団法人日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文報告集 (ISSN:09108017)

巻号頁・発行日

no.403, pp.161-172, 1989-09-30