著者

名本 光男

出版者

日本村落研究学会

雑誌

村落社会研究 (ISSN:13408240)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.2, pp.8-18, 1996 (Released:2013-03-12)

参考文献数

28

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This study discusses various survival strategies adopted by a village in a newly reclaimed rice field area of Tsugaru in northern Japan, where the farmers have long suffered from crop failure and famine. The way social relationships between individuals and between groups in the village functioned in various survival strategies are diachronically examined. A swamp along the lower Iwaki river was developed extensively in the Edo era by the Tsugaru-han (the feudal clan) to make new rice fields. Because of low productivity and unstable harvest in the newly reclaimed rice fields, Shinden-byakusho, the immigrant farmers who settled in the region,had to support themselves by working away from home. Such subsistence can be named as “sally type” or “base type”. Even such lifeway was, however, destroyed by frequent crop failure and famine. After each famine, new villages were reestablished by new immigrant farmers. With this historical background, the social relationships between villagers are voluntary and flexible. They are an accumulation of lateral social connections, rather than a stratified vertical relationship. Such social groups have supported the “sally” or “base” type life of the rural society, which relies on one-crop agriculture and cash income by labor away from the village. These groups function in adjusting the social relationships in the village, while their flexible nature allow people to escape the village when necessary.

著者

名本 光男

出版者

城西国際大学

雑誌

城西国際大学紀要 (ISSN:09194967)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.7, pp.33-44, 2011-03