著者

下林 俊典 大崎 雄樹

出版者

一般社団法人 日本生物物理学会

雑誌

生物物理 (ISSN:05824052)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.5, pp.267-271, 2020 (Released:2020-09-30)

参考文献数

14

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Recently, there is growing evidence in the field of cell biology that membrane-less organelles or condensates are formed by liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), as well as some types of membrane-bound organelles like lipid rafts and lipid droplets. Biophysical analyses are powerful and indispensable to elucidate those structures, dynamics and (dys)functions. Here, we combine in vivo intracellular imaging with in vitro synthetic biology and soft-matter physics, to show a new avenue for understanding the biophysics of LLPS-driven organelles. In this review, we particularly discuss macro-to-micro phase separation in lipid rafts and liquid-liquid crystal phase transition in lipid droplets.

著者

藤本 豊士 大崎 雄樹 鈴木 倫毅

出版者

日本膜学会

雑誌

膜 (ISSN:03851036)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.1, pp.17-23, 2008 (Released:2011-02-24)

参考文献数

40

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The lipid droplet (LD) is a ubiquitous cellular structure that is made of the core of lipid esters covered by a phospholipid monolayer. LDs have been generally assumed to form by accumulation of lipid esters between the two leaflets of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), but rigorous evidence to support this conjecture has not been presented. PAT proteins are thought to work as a shield against cytosolic lipases, and also to facilitate budding of LD from the ER. LDs are likely to fuse each other and may divide under some circumstances, which may be augmented by the microtubule-based motility. Because of the unique structure, division of LDs should increase the chance that the lipases get access to the stored lipid esters. By this way, motility and fusion/fission of LD can be linked directly to its physiological functions.