著者

林 公彦 牛島 孝策 千々和 浩幸 姫野 周二

出版者

THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE

雑誌

園芸学会雑誌 (ISSN:00137626)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.4, pp.346-353, 2004-07-15 (Released:2008-01-31)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

7 7

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To reduce labor costs in the cultivation of Japanese persimmon which is prone to be too vigorous, a horizontal trellis training system was attempted as a practical method for lowering the tree height. The frameworks of an open center, 3.6 m high 'Matsumotowase-Fuyu' Japanese persimmon trees were altered to a horizontal frame at 1.8 m height on February 1992 by cutting back secondary scaffold branches at 1.5. to 1.6 m above ground level. The tree growth, yields and fruit quality of the altered trees were compared with the open-center free-standing trees control. One year after altering the framework, the canopy area on horizontally trellised trees expanded vigorously, compared with the control group. After pruning, the trees with altered the framework were left with twenty percent more lateral branches than the open center free-standing trees. Two years after altering, the number of shoots per canopy area was greater in the treated trees than in the control, but the number of shoots per lateral branches and mean shoot length did not significantly differ from the control group. Annual fruit yield was 300 kg/a higher in the horizontal trellis system than that of the unaltered free standing system group, and the number of fruits per canopy area exceeded 10 fruits/m2. Over 4-year period, the horizontally trellised trees produced more flowers per lateral branch than did the open center free-standing ones. Physiological fruit drop rates were lower in horizontally trellised trees than in those of the control. Fruit on the former was significantly heavier than that on the letter. The percentage of fruit weighing more than 260 g accounted for 61.2% of the total yield in horizontally trellised trees. During the period of 80 days after blossoming to harvest, fruit diameter increased significantly faster on horizontally trellised trees than that on the free standing trees. Similarly, the commencement of fruit skin coloring and harvest time was advanced in the treated trees compared with those of the control. In conclusion, by lowering tree height the horizontal trellis training system achieves the following: decreased harvest and pruning costs, increased yield and fruit weight, improved fruit quality, and advanced maturation. These advantages indicate that this system has a strong potential as a training system that will be used extensively in the near future.

著者

林 公彦 牛島 孝策 千々和 浩幸 姫野 周二

出版者

園藝學會

雑誌

園芸学会雑誌 (ISSN:00137626)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.4, pp.346-353, 2004-07-15

被引用文献数

1 7

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高木性であるカキの作業性を改善し、低樹高栽培を可能にするための手段として、カキの平棚仕立て栽培を検討した。高さ3.5mで栽培している慣行の立木仕立ての'松本早生富有'を供試して、樹高を高さ1.5-1.6mの亜主枝まで一挙に切り下げ、樹形を改造して高さ1.8mの平棚仕立てへ移行して新梢の発育、収量性、果実品質について慣行の立木仕立てと比較した。平棚では樹形改造1年後の樹冠の拡大率が高かった。樹形改造当年はせん定後の結果母枝数を立木より約20%多く残す弱せん定を行うことで、樹冠占有面積当たり新梢数は平棚で多かったが、1結果母枝当たり新梢発生数および平均新梢長には平棚と立木で差がなかった。平棚では収量が立木よりも多く、樹冠占有面積1m2当たり着果数は10果以上、収量は3kg以上を毎年確保した。結果母枝1本当たり着花数は4年間で平棚が多く、生理落果率は3年間で平棚が立木より少なかった。果実重は平棚で立木より有意に大きかった。果実重が260gを越える2Lおよび3L階級が平棚では全果実の61.2%を占め、立木より明らかに大玉果実が多く分布した。果実肥大第I期後半の満開後40日から70日の間は平棚も立木も果実肥大に差は認められなかったが、第II期に入った満開後80日以降は平棚の果実肥大が良好で、第III期の収穫期に至るまで平棚の果実肥大が優れた。果実の着色は平棚で立木より早く開始し、収穫基準のカラーチャート色標値5には平棚が立木より約3日早く到達した。