著者

徐 博晨

出版者

一般財団法人 日本国際政治学会

雑誌

国際政治 (ISSN:04542215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2019, no.197, pp.197_136-197_151, 2019-09-25 (Released:2020-04-16)

参考文献数

39

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China’s lending to many developing countries, including countries of the “Belt and Road Initiative”, is currently of great interest. Many of these loans do not conform to OECD’s definition of Official Development Assistance. This article focuses its agenda in the various occurrences in which the Chinese government’s lending policy was criticized in the international community, analyze the reaction of the Chinese government amidst such circumstances, and discuss the risk of foreign aid in the context of controversial between developed donor countries and developing donor countries.China’s external loan, which has been rapidly expanding in recent years, has been mainly invested into the infrastructure construction of developing countries. Due to the opaqueness of its policy process and the attachment with Chinese companies, there is an increasing level of criticisms both from other donor countries such as Japan and from recipient countries. Although there is a view that the “over-lending problem” could be seen as great power politics, this article wants to pay attention to the situation where lender countries, for the first time after the end of the Cold War, act with fundamentally different logic.Many of the developed countries set a strict criteria for recipient countries, and yet implement assistance that provide high-level incentives. On the other hand, China does not care as much about good governance and environment nor about human rights situation, though it does loan with relatively high interest rate. China is not bound by the framework of DAC and the Paris club. Not only does China argue that it should not be criticized for the “over-lending problem” from the viewpoint of development aid, but it even claims that the past development aid model is absurd to follow. By challenging the international norm of foreign aids, China aims to maintain its liberty in development projects and pursue its own political and economic agenda.The size of China’s foreign aid is still small and not competitive with Western donors. Compared to Japan, which has maintained the world’s top spending on aid over the 1990s, China as a donor country has only limited share in global aid expenditures. However, this article argues that the mingling of international politics and presumed agenda with the foreign aid and debt problems, loan from China is affecting international society more than any other non-OECD donors. The international regime of ODA, China’s foreign policy, as well as domestic politics of recipient countries are allowing Chinese loans to raise reaction and influence bigger than their monetary size. While countermeasures against Chinese lending were also deployed by the Western countries including the United States, this distortion that international politics brought to foreign-aided economic development would eventually cause additional risk for both donor and recipient countries.