著者

朱 迪

出版者

北海道大学大学院国際広報メディア・観光学院

雑誌

国際広報メディア・観光学ジャーナル

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, pp.21-38, 2022-11-17

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This paper discussed the triangular relationship between mass media, power of authorities, and the audience. After summarizing the concepts of the above three, this paper attempted to analyze these three actors' power structures and build a convincing theoretical framework. This paper mainly adopted Niklas Luhmann's viewpoint of power communication as a theoretical foundation, since it provided a unique perspective to understand the essence of power. Subsequently, this paper divided the power structure into six directions to explain how the power relations work between these three actors. The theoretical results obtained in this paper are expected to contribute to future case studies.

著者

朱 迪

出版者

北海道大学大学院国際広報メディア・観光学院

雑誌

国際広報メディア・観光ジャーナル

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, pp.37-54, 2023-07-10

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This paper considers the ambiguity of the “impartial, unbiased perspective” by examining the rationality of the Hakko Affair, and adopts Niklas Luhmann's viewpoint of power communication as a theoretical foundation. The Hakko Affair in 1918 is an example of how power communication plays a pivotal role in affecting different entities involved. The government set up sanctions with coercive power backed by administration and law, to suppress Asahi Shimbun successfully (valid sanction). In comparison, the mass media's power can influence public opinion but it cannot change the government by influencing elections, since the election has not yet been in place (invalid sanction). This interplay of power between mass media and government is a precondition for the ambiguity of the “impartial, unbiased perspective”. Only when the power relationship between the mass media and the government is balanced, the “impartial, unbiased perspective” can be considered subsequently a normative concept in journalism.