著者

加瀬 浩二 松田 公子 原 広一郎 櫻井 正太郎 高山 幸三 浅井 邦彦

出版者

一般社団法人日本医療薬学会

雑誌

医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.1, pp.18-23, 2009 (Released:2010-02-07)

参考文献数

11

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The frequency of accidental falls in psychiatric patients is reported to be markedly higher (46.5%) than in patients in other medical departments (15.7%).In order to prevent accidental falls,we provided physicians and nurses with pharmaceutical information on the adverse effects of cold medicines and traditional Chinese medicines.We also investigated the annual number of falls among inpatients before and after beginning our pharmaceutical information service.To do this,a questionnaire concerning cold medicines and traditional Chinese medicines was sent to physicians and nurses 2 years after starting the service.Owing to the provision of information,there were reductions in the annual number of falls (212 to 143),number of falls in patients taking cold medicines (8 to 1),percentage of falls in patients taking cold medicines among all falls (3.8% to 0.7%),and frequency of prescribing cold medicines for the common cold (96% to 75%).The questionnaire results also showed that 68% of physicians and nurses observed dizziness as an adverse effect of cold medicines,and 71% of physicians exercised caution with respect to the risk of falls due to cold medicines.To analyze the causes of accidental falls,a self-organizing map (SOM) was applied to the clinical data.The results suggested that the administration of cold medicines together with comparatively low dosages of chlorpromazine,or an equivalent antipsychotic,and two or more kinds of medication for Parkinson's disease was likely to lead to accidental falls.Thus,for patients having a high risk of falls,the co-administration of cold medicines and psychotropic drugsmayfurtherincreasesuch risk.

著者

宮崎 靖則 谷古宇 秀 浅山 亨 河野 博充 櫻井 正太郎 柳川 忠二

出版者

一般社団法人日本医療薬学会

雑誌

医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.12, pp.1077-1085, 2008 (Released:2010-02-07)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

4 3

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We compared the in vitro performance of brand-name and generic spherical carbon absorbents by studying their physicochemical and adsorptive properties.There was no correlation between specific surface area and adsorption rate for pigment substances.The adsorption removal rates for pigment substances and uremic toxins were almost the same for Kremezin and Kyucal but the adsorption removal rates of some substances were lower for Merckmezin than those for Kremezin.In addition,the adsorption rates for digestive enzymes,important in vivo substances that should not be adsorbed,were high for Kremezin but low for Kyucal and Merckmezin.We found that Kremezin and Kyucal were comparable as regards the adsorption removal rate of indole in the presence of pepsin and sodium cholate,in vivo substances,but with Merckmezin,the adsorption removal rate for indole was lower.In our findings,we noted that the adsorption performance of the generic product Kyucal for most substances was equivalent to that of Kremezin while the adsorption performance of Merckmezin for some substances was lower than that of Kremezin.As a particular conclusion,the lower adsorption removal rate of Merckmezin for indole in the presence of vivo substances needs to be taken into consideration as this will affect clinical results.