著者

江馬 眞 小林 憲弘 納屋 聖人 花井 荘輔 中西 準子

出版者

日本環境毒性学会

雑誌

環境毒性学会誌 (ISSN:13440667)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.1, pp.15-26, 2010-06-30 (Released:2014-04-17)

参考文献数

43

被引用文献数

1

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The present paper reviews the carcinogenicity study of titanium dioxide(TiO2),widely used in the production of paints paper and plastics, as food additives and colorants, and increasingly, as nanpoparticles in pharmaceutical and cosmetics products, based on data published in openly available scientific literature. Increased incidence of tumors was reported in rats after exposure to respirable, fine or ultrafine TiO2 by inhalation or intratracheal instillation. No increased incidence of tumors was noted in mice or hamster after exposure to TiO2 by inhalation or intratracheal instillation, or in rats or mice given TiO2 by intraperitoneal or subcutaneous injection or by feeding. This review indicates that the incidence of tumors was increased in rats after inhalation or intratracheal instillation of TiO2 at levels associated with particle overload and persistent inflammation.

著者

江馬 眞 納屋 聖人 吉田 喜久雄 永翁 龍一

出版者

The Japanese Society of Environmental Toxicology

雑誌

環境毒性学会誌 (ISSN:13440667)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.1, pp.1-18, 2009 (Released:2010-07-01)

参考文献数

80

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The present paper summarizes the data available in the literature concerning toxicity of the degradation products of 1,1,1,2-tetrahydrofluoroethane (HFC-134a), which is widely used worldwide as a refrigerant, and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf), which is developed as a refrigerant for new generation. There are many studies available for toxic effects of carbon dioxide CO2) and carbon monoxide (CO) in humans and animals. General toxicity of excessive CO2 exposure in humans is well reported. However, information on reproductive and developmental toxicity of CO2 in humans and animals is inadequate for risk assessment. As for CO, further studies are required to evaluate the adverse effects of chronic exposure to low and near ambient levels of CO on development of fetuses and newborn infants in marginal condition because of high susceptibility to hypoxic effect in fetuses and newborn infants. There is a lack of information on toxicity of trifluoroacetic acid, carbonyl fluoride, hydrogen fluoride, and formic acid in humans and animals. Animal studies remain necessary for risk assessment of chemicals because it is difficult to find alternative methods to determine the toxic effect of chemicals.