著者

綿引 信義 西田 茂樹

出版者

The Japanese Society of Health and Human Ecology

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.3, pp.139-153, 1996-05-31 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

1 1

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This study analyzed sex differentials in life expectancy at birth in Japan from 1920 to 1990, focusing on age structure and causes of death. Calculated life tables and vital statistics were mainly employed for the analysis. The results manifested that the sex differential in life expectancy at birth tended to increase throughout the period. Female/male ratios in life expectancy at birth had remained almost constant from 1960 to 1990 except 1975, though slight increase was observed in the recent decade. The sex differential in age-specific death rate in 0-4 year age group (particularly age 0) explained most of the sex differential in life expectancy at birth before 1947. After 1950, the age group of 60-79 played a major role in the sex differential in life expectancy at birth. It is noteworthy that female mortality exceeded male mortality in age groups of 2-41 before 1930. Consequently, excess of female mortality reduced the sex differential in life expectancy at birth at that period. As for the sex differential in mortality rates by causes of death, tuberculosis, pregnancy and childbirth related disease exerted a great influnece on decrease of the sex differential in life expectancy at birth before 1940. Recently, malignant neoplasm, heart diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, and accidents had become leading contributors to the sex differentials in life expectancy at birth.

著者

西田 茂樹 綿引 信義

出版者

The Japanese Society of Health and Human Ecology

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.3, pp.127-138, 1996-05-31 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

1

---

Life expectancy of woman at birth usually exceeds that of man in developed countries. The purpose of this study is to explain the reason of such sex differential in life expectancy at birth in Japan in recent years, analyzing sex differentials of age-specific death rates and mortality rates by causes of death. The calculated life table and vital statistics in 1990 were employed for the analysis. The analysis of age-specific death rate showed that the sex differential of mortality in age 50 and over explained around 70% of the sex differential in life expectancy at birth. In contrast, the sex differential of mortality rate in age 0 explained only 1 % of the difference. From the analysis of mortality rate by causes of death, it was shown that sex differentials of mortality from malignant neoplasm, heart diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, pneumonia and bronchitis, suicide, and accidents mainly contributed to the recent sex differential of life expectancy at birth. Of these causes, malignant neoplasm was the leading contributor to the sex differential in life expectancy at birth. From these results, it is considered that elongation of male life expectancy at birth would be possible by improving the life-style.