著者

藤本 健太朗

出版者

一般財団法人 日本国際政治学会

雑誌

国際政治 (ISSN:04542215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2020, no.201, pp.201_66-201_81, 2020-09-15 (Released:2022-03-31)

参考文献数

63

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This study reconsiders the Soviet policy toward Japan before the USSR and USA established diplomatic relations in 1933, especially taking American factors into account, which have been neglected in the previous studies.After the Russian Revolution and military interference by the Allied Powers, Soviet Russia and Japan began negotiations in 1920. During the negotiations, Russia demanded the withdrawal of Japanese troops from Russian territory, while Japan sought some economic benefit in return. In order to counter this Japanese strategy, Soviet Russia signed contracts with American companies in the form of “concessions (investing with the right to develop the designated areas)” in the Far East. Since the US government refused to recognize the Soviet government however, and the negotiations with Japan had progressed, Soviet leaders prioritized the agreement with Japan. Finally, under the Japan-Soviet Basic Convention in January 1925, the USSR promised to give Japanese companies “concessions” in the Far East, and annulled the contracts with the Americans.This provided a basis for Japan to expand its influence into the Russian Far East in the late 1920s. G.V. Chicherin, Soviet Minister of Foreign Affairs, planned to attract American companies to the Far East again, in order to indirectly restrain Japan’s expansion. At the same time, it was also thought that any diplomatic tension with Japan should be avoided, so as not to obstruct Soviet policy toward China; this finally led to the abandonment of the policy to attract American companies.At the end of 1928, it was reported that UK and Japan could ally to war with America. Soviet leaders feared that the USSR would get involved with this war in some way. L.M. Karakhan, the Vice-minister of Foreign Affairs, proposed to strengthen border security and affiliate with China, in order to lock the Japanese out from the Far East, and restrict them in Manchuria. He expected the conflict between Japan and America to play a minor role in this plan. The Politburo adopted his plan, and in order to incite this conflict, incorporated in their policy the “concessions” to American companies a third time. This policy, however, did not realize due to the Sino-Soviet Conflict in 1929 and the friendly relationship between Japan and America.The Manchurian Incident was a trigger for the implementation of this policy. The Sino-Soviet Conflict discontinued, allowing the Soviets to strengthen border security in the Far East. Moreover, at the beginning of 1932, I.V. Stalin and Soviet leaders judged that the United States and China opposed Japanese aggression and were inclined to reach some agreement with the Soviet Union. Finally, the USSR established diplomatic relations with these two countries, and laid “siege” to Japan by 1933.

著者

藤本 健太朗

出版者

日本国際政治学会 ; 1957-

雑誌

国際政治 (ISSN:04542215)

巻号頁・発行日

no.201, pp.66-81, 2020-09