著者

藤田 衛

出版者

東洋文庫

雑誌

東洋学報 = The Toyo Gakuho (ISSN:03869067)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.102, no.4, pp.1-26, 2021-03-15

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Jiaoshi Yilin 焦氏易林 (hereafter Yilin) is a book of divination, which is thought to be written by Jiao Yanshou 焦延壽, who served the imperial court of Former Han Dynasty Emperor Zhao (昭帝; r. 87–74 BCE). This article takes up the issue of the work’s approach to divination, which has been argued to conform to shifa 筮法 of I-Ching 易經. However, during the Song Period, a debate arose regarding that approach, resulting in a method of adoption quite dissimilar to that of I-Ching. The author proceeds to examine for the first time the Yilin approach to divination focusing on that very controversy and the discussions that have followed up to the present day. The author begins by laying out the characteristic features of the work and compiling a bibliographical genealogy of the extant copies. The existing genre may be generally categorized into the Yuan-Period manuscript (元抄本), the Ming-Period print (明刻本) and the Song-Period collated print (校宋本), the last of which is thought to be based on the first, in spite of its name. The author argues that one reason why large discrepancies exist between the texts of the Yuan manuscript and the Ming print is that the former was based on a version which predated the collation done by Huang Bosi 黃伯思 (1079–1119), while the latter postdated it. Moreover, the manuscript which the author discovered in the National Library of China contains prefaces which carries information regarding the fengua-zhiri 分卦直日 method of assigning hexagrams to days of the month. The author then turns to Yilin’s methodology via an examination of the prefaces to the texts and related sources from the Song Period, which reveals at least three possibilities: 1) the I-Ching method for deriving hexagrams using divining sticks; 2) the above mentioned fengua-zhiri method; and 3) a combination of 1) and 2). That being said, since the fengua-zhiri method was specifically discussed during the Song Period, it was probably first proposed at that time in the work’s history, leading the author to conclude that as it is impossible to state definitively what the orthodox divination method of Yilin is, it should be considered as a work outlining a number of different approaches.