著者

青木 孝悦

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.1, pp.1-13, 1971-04-10 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

31 33

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1) About 6, 000 personality trait words were collected from a standard Japanese dictionary (Meikai Kokugo Jiten, 88th ed.), 217 students' free descriptions of other persons and 43 students' free descriptions of themselves. Of these words, 517 were classified by more than four of the six raters into the category corresponding to the first category (generalized and personalized determining tendencies-consistent and stable modes of an individual's adjustment to his environment) of Allport and Odbert's study in 1936.2) Out of these 517 words, 455 were rated concerning personal desirability by 100 male college students and by 100 male adults from 40 to 49 years old. The results were compared between two groups in the medians and quartile-ranges. The comparisons showed wider ranges of the student group in the rating of individual words than those of the adult group, and a stronger tendency of the student group to use the rating points around the neutral point of these scales. These differences seem to reflect generation gaps.3) Personality trait words were analyzed also from their frequencies of uses to describe other persons. A group of the most frequent 127 words were determined by a criterion that the words were selected by at least five members of each of two groups of 139 and 78 students.4) On the basis of their meanings, the 455 words, were classified into 10 categories.

著者

青木 孝悦

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.3, pp.125-136, 1972-08-10 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

4 3

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In the previous study (Aoki, 1971a) 455 personality trait words were selected and classified into 17 categories on the basis of their meanings. In the present study, in addition to the 455 trait words, 125 new trait words were added, and therefore, a total of 580 trait words were reclassified into 11 categories for the purpose of factor analysis.Subjects (Ss) were 107 male adults, aged 35 to 45. Each S was given two categories, each containing 49 to 63 words. Instructions given to the Ss were like the following: “The purpose of this study is to find out what words people commonly use to describe a characteristic of person. You will be given a list of words. Your task is to judge mutual similarities of meanings among these words and to select from the same list similar words for each word as many as you can. For example, when you were given the word “kind”, you might respond with such words as generous, friendly, tender, sympathetic, warm-hearted, and so on. The words are to be written to the right of the given word. This procedure will be continued through all the words in each category.All legible responses made by each S were tallied separately for each of the 11 categories. This procedure permitted an assessment of relative frequency of responses to the various words within each category. For each category the responses in terms of relative frequency were factor analysed by the principal axis method with geometric rotation (Kashiwagi, 1965). Four to six factors were extracted for each category, bringing the total to 57.From these results a set of 236 trait words was assembled. The set consisted of 57 trait words which had the highest loading for each obtained factor, plus 179 which did not fall into either obtained factor, having lower loadings than .15. In order to construct personality aspects from this set, the words were paired as many as possible in such a way that each word would have an antonym. 63 paired personality aspects were tentatively constructed and compared with Cattell's 42 spheres (1957) and Miyagi's 35 scales (1969). On the basis of this comparison, 66 personality aspects were finally determined.