著者

神林 崇 大森 佑貴 今西 彩 高木 学 佐川 洋平 筒井 幸 竹島 正浩 小野 太輔 塩見 利明 清水 徹男

出版者

日本神経治療学会

雑誌

神経治療学 (ISSN:09168443)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.4, pp.406-410, 2018 (Released:2018-02-20)

参考文献数

6

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Delayed sleep phase disorder (DSPD) comprises a persistent or recurrent pattern of sleep disturbances, sleep disruption that leads to insomnia and/or excessive daytime sleepiness, and impaired functioning in social, occupational, or other spheres. Three techniques are typically used to treat DSPD : chronotherapy, phototherapy, and exogenous melatonin administration. Antipsychotics have not been reported in the treatment of DSPD, aripiprazole (APZ), which is a second generation antipsychotic, manifests a novel mechanism of action by serving as a partial agonist of D2 receptors. Depression is reported to be the most common psychopathology associated with DSPD, and APZ is reported to be effective in major depressive disorder as adjunctive therapy. Therefore, we speculated that APZ might be effective to treat DSPD, and we observed how APZ works for the treatment of DSPD.Methods : 18 subjects (including 7 women) who are 14–48–year–old (the average is 31.6) were included. The patients were prescribed 0.75–4.5mg APZ at once a day.Results : We prescribed 1.5–3.0mg/day of APZ, all subject reduced total sleep time (9.6 +/− 2.3h → 7.8 +/− 2.0h, p=0.03), many cases got up earlier (9.1 +/− 1.9h → 6.7 +/− 1.4h, p=0.005) in the morning and advanced their sleep phase within one week. The sleep onset was not significantly changed (23.5 +/− 2.0h → 22.9 +/− 1.9h, n.s.).Conclusion : Low dose of APZ would reduce nocturnal sleep time in the subjects who had prolonged sleep time and DSPD symptoms. The mechanism of action would be dopaminergic up regulation due to dopamine D3 agonistic activity. Since it is difficult for physicians to treat prolonged sleep time and DSPD symptoms, this medication would become a new therapeutic tool for these patients.

著者

高木 学

出版者

京都大学文学部社会学研究室

雑誌

京都社会学年報 : KJS = Kyoto journal of sociology

巻号頁・発行日

no.7, pp.121-140, 1999-12-25

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This population movement, caused by modernization and urbanization, has consistently flowed from rural areas to cities. Consequently, rural agricultural communities have declined and lost their vitality. Although nationwide development and activation plans for underpopulated areas have been drawn up in order to ease this problem, the exodus from rural areas has not been stemmed. Since the 1980s, however, the population has flowed in the opposite direction. This movement from cities into underpopulated rural areas, the so-called 'I-turn', is significant in that it appears to be a rejection of modernity and urbanization. However it has been thought that this movement from cities into underpopulated rural areas caused mainly by problems of cities, and the subjective influence of underpopulated rural areas has been not made of as yet. In this article, I focus upon this subjective influence, and analyze their living conditions and their intentions. In conclusion, I demonstrate that the movement into underpopulated areas has two main features: 1) the phenomenon of urban population movement into underpopulated rural areas has the side as a survival strategy of rural areas, and showed two inconsistent workings of rural people that is toward exclusion and toward assimilation, 2) there are a negotiated transaction Between local inhabitants and settlers, that is called mutual compensation of the contrariness. I consider that rural areas are now real living spaces for the settlers rather than idealized locations for leisure consumption.