著者
高橋 忠彦
出版者
東京大学東洋文化研究所
雑誌
東洋文化研究所紀要 (ISSN:05638089)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.109, pp.243-272, 1989-03

Though tea-drinking plays an important role in the history of Chinese culture, the development of its methods has not yet been studied enough.In this paper the author tries to describe the history of tea in China centering around three main types of drinking, namely jian-cha (煎茶), diancha (點茶) and pao-cha (泡茶).In the chapter I, where these concepts are denned, some basic changes in the methods how to prepare tea are argued.In the chapter II, the jian-cha during the Tang period is researched, while the next chapter treats of the dian-cha in the Song dynasty.Here it is tried to elucidate the concrete images of caked and powdered tea of these days by the aid of lines from poets and treaties on tea.In the following chapters, IV and V, it is described how the pao-chamethod has developed not from the dian-cha but from the jian-cha which had remained till the Yuan period when some transitional drinking methods are found.In the conculusion it can be said that most of changes in the tea-drinking types are understood systematically, as is seen in the last chapter.
著者
高橋 忠彦
出版者
東京大学東洋文化研究所
雑誌
東洋文化研究所紀要 (ISSN:05638089)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.100, pp.249-284, 1986-03

In explaining the character of thoughts of “Tai-ping-jing”, it is necessary to elucidate its social aspects, though concrete references to the actual world seldom are found in the text.In this paper the author tried to analyse some tendencies, which are seen in arguments from “Tai-ping-jing” concerning to social problems.In many cases, while discussing social, political, and economical matters, the text insists on, directly or indirectly, protecting traditional communities and families, borrowing ethics from Confucianism.For example, the text says, that one should train his immortality, not in remote field, but in his family.As traditional communities are based one agriculture, the text at times betrays its antipathy against commercial activities and mining industry.In conclusion, the thoughts of “Tai-ping-jing” can be said to represent, to some extent, the anxiety of peasant classes, who are menaced by social and economical changes, and who want to maintain traditional order of society.
著者
高橋 忠彦
出版者
東京大学東洋文化研究所
雑誌
東洋文化研究所紀要 (ISSN:05638089)
巻号頁・発行日
no.115, pp.p61-122, 1991-03

The culture of tea in the Song period is characterized in the preva-ence of tuan-cha (団茶) or caked Tea and its refined drinking method, which is called dian-cha (点茶). However, other aspects of the tea culture, forexample cao-cha (草茶) or leaf tea and jian-cha (煎茶) or boiling-tea-method, are not yeT made clear because of the lack of data.In this paper, the author tries to reconstruct the total structure of tea culture in Song, referring to poetry phrases in those days.In the con-clusion, it can be said that cao-cha began to be highly esteemed in the Southern Song period, that revaluation and repopularization of jian-cha also occurred in the Southern Song, and that cao-cha tended to be drunk by jian-cha method.
著者
高橋 忠彦
出版者
東京大学東洋文化研究所
雑誌
東洋文化研究所紀要 (ISSN:05638089)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.115, pp.61-122, 1991-03

The culture of tea in the Song period is characterized in the preva-ence of tuan-cha (団茶) or caked Tea and its refined drinking method, which is called dian-cha (点茶). However, other aspects of the tea culture, forexample cao-cha (草茶) or leaf tea and jian-cha (煎茶) or boiling-tea-method, are not yeT made clear because of the lack of data.In this paper, the author tries to reconstruct the total structure of tea culture in Song, referring to poetry phrases in those days.In the con-clusion, it can be said that cao-cha began to be highly esteemed in the Southern Song period, that revaluation and repopularization of jian-cha also occurred in the Southern Song, and that cao-cha tended to be drunk by jian-cha method.